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Greenhouse Gas from Organic Waste Composting: Emissions and Measurement

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CO2 Sequestration, Biofuels and Depollution

Part of the book series: Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World ((ECSW,volume 5))

Abstract

There is actually common consensus to use biological technologies for the treatment of organic wastes. For instance composting involving the aerobic biological stabilization of organic wastes is gaining popularity. The amount of materials and the variety of wastes composted is increasing fast. However composting is a process emitting gases some of which being greenhouse gases (GHG) that favour global warming. In particular carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are responsible for the global warming potential of composting. A part of these gases can be abated by low-cost biological technologies such as biofiltration. This review compiles all the points related to the emission of GHG from composting processes, from detection and measurement to minimization and abatement. We focus on measurements of GHG to obtain reliable emission factors for designing composting technologies. This will help to compare waste treatment options based on integrated tools such as Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). A chapter discusses C and N dynamics in the compost, and implications on emitted C and N gases. Finally we review the best available practices to minimize the GHG emissions from composting. We also present the final treatment of composting gases.

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank the financial support of the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnologia (Project CTM2009-14073-C02-01/02).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193-Cerdanyola del Vallès,, Barcelona, Spain

    Antoni Sánchez, Adriana Artola, Xavier Font, Teresa Gea, Raquel Barrena & David Gabriel

  2. Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Campus Universitario de Espinardo, 30100-Espinardo, Murcia, Spain

    Miguel Ángel Sánchez-Monedero, Asunción Roig & María Luz Cayuela

  3. Consiglio per la Ricerca e la Sperimentazione in Agricoltura, Centro di Ricerca per lo Studio delle Relazioni tra Pianta e Suolo, Gruppo di Ricerca di Gorizia, CRA-RPS, 34170, Gorizia, GO, Italy

    Claudio Mondini

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  1. Antoni Sánchez
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  2. Adriana Artola
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  3. Xavier Font
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Correspondence to Antoni Sánchez .

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  1. UMR1347 Agroécologie, INRA, Dijon, France

    Eric Lichtfouse

  2. RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany

    Jan Schwarzbauer

  3. Université de Lorraine, Saint-Avold, France

    Didier Robert

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Sánchez, A. et al. (2015). Greenhouse Gas from Organic Waste Composting: Emissions and Measurement. In: Lichtfouse, E., Schwarzbauer, J., Robert, D. (eds) CO2 Sequestration, Biofuels and Depollution. Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, vol 5. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11906-9_2

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