Skip to main content
  • 1579 Accesses

Abstract

Surgery in laboratory animals, regardless of species or size, is governed by the same principles as surgery in human beings. A basic surgical tenet is Halstead’s rule, which cautions the surgeon to not do harm to the tissue. However, this is only one of a set of interrelated principles regarding tissue handling, exposure, asepsis and homeostasis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Agterberg MJH. Het rokende brein. Biotechniek. 2001;40:139–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baker DG. Natural pathogens of laboratory animals: their effects on research. Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology Press; 2003.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Bouman HJ, Wimersma Greidanus TB. A rapid and simple cannulation technique for repeated sampling of cerebrospinal fluid in freely moving rats. Brain Res Bull. 1979;4:575–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bradfield JF, Schachtman TR, McLaughlin RM, Steffen EK. Behavioral and physiologic effects of inapparent wound infection in rats. Lab Anim Sci. 1992;42:572–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown MR, Hedge GA. Thyroid secretion in the unanesthetized, stress-free rat and its suppression by pentobarbital. Neuroendocrinology. 1972;9:158–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clement JG, Mills P, Brockway B. Use of telemetry to record body temperature and activity in mice. J Pharmacol Methods. 1989;21:129–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cocchetto DM, Bjornsson TD. Methods for vascular access and collection of body fluids from the laboratory rat. J Pharm Sci. 1983;72:465–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Colbourne F, Sutherland G, Auer RN. An automated system for regulating brain temperature in awake and freely-moving rodents. J Neurosci Methods. 1996;67:185–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Criado A. Use of cyanoacrylate gel as a substitute for dental cement in intracerebroventricular cannulations in rats. Contemp Top Lab Anim Sci. 2003;42:13–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cunningham MG, McKay RD. A hypothermic miniaturized stereotaxic instrument for surgery in newborn rats. J Neurosci Methods. 1993;47:105–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • DeBow S, Colbourne F. Brain temperature measurement and regulation in awake and freely moving rodents. Methods. 2003;30:167–71.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dons RF, Havlik R. A multilayered cannula for long-term blood sampling of unrestrained rats. Lab Anim Sci. 1986;36:544–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ewing AG, Wightman RM, Dayton MA. In vivo voltammetry with electrodes that discriminate between dopamine and ascorbate. Brain Res. 1982;249:361–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Faulkner BC, Gear AJL, Hellewell TB, Watkins FH, Edlich RF. Biomechanical performance of a braided absorbable suture. J Long Term Eff Med Implants. 1996a;6:169–79.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Faulkner BC, Tribble CG, Thacker JG, Rodeheaver GT, Edlich RF. Knot performance of polypropylene sutures. J Biomed Mater Res. 1996b;33:187–92.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fluttert M, Dalm S, Oitzl MS. A refined method for sequential blood sampling by tail incision in rats. Lab Anim. 2000;34:372–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gonon F, Buda M, Cespuglio R, Jouvet M, Pujol JF. In vivo electrochemical detection of catechols in the neostriatum of anaesthetized rats: dopamine or DOPAC? Nature. 1980;286:902–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Greene EC. Anatomy of the rat. New York: Hafner; 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hebel R, Stromberg MW. Anatomy and embryology of the laboratory rat. Wörthsee: BioMed Verlag; 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hsu PA, Cooley BC. Effect of exercise on microsurgical hand tremor. Microsurgery. 2003;23(4):323–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Imperato A, Di Chiara G. Trans-striatal dialysis coupled to reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection: a new method for the study of the in vivo release of endogenous dopamine and metabolites. J Neurosci. 1984;4:966–77.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Iwaki T, Hayakawa T. A color atlas of sectional anatomy of the mouse. Tokya: Adthree; 2001. ISBN 4-900659-58-4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kline J, Reid KH. Variability of bregma in 300 gram Long-Evans and Sprague-Dawley rats. Physiol Behav. 1984;33:301–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Luo YS, Luo YL, Ashford EB, Morin RR, White WJ, Fisher TF. Comparison of catheter lock solutions in rats. In: Proceedings AALAS 2000, San Diego. www.criver.com/pdf/cath_lock_solutions.pdf

  • Nicolaidis S, Rowland N, Meile MJ, Jallat PM, Pesez A. Brief communication. A flexible technique for long term infusions in unrestrained rats. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 1974;2:131–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Paxinos G, Watson C. The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates (deluxe edition). 4th ed. New York: Academic; 1998.

    Google Scholar 

  • Paxinos G, Watson C, Pennisi M, Topple A. Bregma, lambda and the interaural midpoint in stereotaxic surgery with rats of different sex, strain and weight. J Neurosci Methods. 1985;13:139–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Popovic V, Kent KM, Popovic P. Technique of permanent cannulation of the right ventricle in rats and ground squirrels. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 1963;113:599–602.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Popp MB, Brennan MF. Long-term vascular access in the rat: importance of asepsis. Am J Physiol. 1981;241:H606–12.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Remie R, Rensema JW, van Wunnik GHJ, van Dongen JJ. General principles of microsurgery. In: van Dongen JJ, Remie R, Rensema JW, van Wunnik GHJ, editors. Manual of microsurgery on the laboratory rat. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1990. p. 11–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Remie R, van Dongen JJ, Rensema JW. Permanent cannulation of the jugular vein (acc. to Steffens). In: van Dongen JJ, Remie R, Rensema JW, van Wunnik GHJ, editors. Manual of microsurgery on the laboratory rat. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1990. p. 159–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robinson TE, Justice Jr JB, editors. Microdialysis in the neurosciences. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg RS, Bergmann BM, Rechtschaffen A. Variations in slow wave activity during sleep in the rat. Physiol Behav. 1976;17:931–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Santiago M, Westerink BH. Characterization of the in vivo release of dopamine as recorded by different types of intracerebral microdialysis probes. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1990;342:407–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steffens AB. A method for frequent sampling of blood and continuous infusion of fluids in the rat without disturbing the animal. Physiol Behav. 1969;4:833–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Strubbe JH. Insulin, glucose and feeding behaviour in the rat: a reappraisal of the glucostatic theory. Thesis, University of Groningen; 1975. p. 8–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tera H, Aberg C. Tensile strengths of twelve types of knot employed in surgery, using different suture materials. Acta Chir Scand. 1976;142:1–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tracy DL, editor. Mosby’s fundamentals of veterinary technology: small animal surgical nursing. St. Louis: Mosby Year Book; 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ungerstedt U. Measurement of neurotransmitter release in vivo by intracranial dialysis. In: Marsden CA, editor. Measurement of neurotransmitter release in vivo. New York: Wiley; 1984. p. 81–105.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ungerstedt U. Introduction to intracerebral microdialysis. In: Robinson TE, Justice Jr JB, editors. Microdialysis in the neurosciences. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1991. p. 3–22.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Van der Heyden JAM, Zethof TJJ, Olivier B. Stress-induced hyperthermia in singly housed mice. Physiol Behav. 1997;62:463–70.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Waynforth HB. Standards of surgery for rodents: do we need to change? Scand Lab Anim Sci. 1993;2:43–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Westerink BH, De Vries JB. Characterization of in vivo dopamine release as determined by brain microdialysis after acute and subchronic implantations: methodological aspects. J Neurochem. 1988;51:683–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Westerink BHC, Justice Jr JB. Microdialysis compared with other in vivo release models. In: Robinson TE, Justice Jr JB, editors. Microdialysis in the neurosciences. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 1991. p. 23–43.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Zetterstrom T, Sharp T, Marsden CA, Ungerstedt U. In vivo measurement of dopamine and its metabolites by intracerebral dialysis: changes after d-amphetamine. J Neurochem. 1983;41:1769–73.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to René Remie .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Remie, R. (2016). Various Surgical Procedures in Rodents. In: Andersen, M., Tufik, S. (eds) Rodent Model as Tools in Ethical Biomedical Research. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11578-8_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics