Abstract
Dynamic system is a recent hot research topic in theoretical distributed computing. The dynamicity caused by process join and leave bring new challenges in fundamental distributed computing problems, such as eventual leader election. In this paper, we consider leader election in dynamic systems with cluster-based hierarchy. Clustering based hierarchy has been used in fundamental distributed algorithms to achieve scalability and low communication cost, but, to the best of our knowledge, it is not considered in eventual leader election, especially in eventual leader for dynamic systems. We firstly define new system models to describe the dynamicity of clusters, and then based on these models, we design an algorithm to elect an eventual leader. With cluster hierarchy, leader election is basically conducted in two layers. In the lower layer, cluster-heads are elected with each cluster. Then, in the upper layer, election is conducted among cluster-heads so as to elect the eventual leader of the whole system. Several key challenging issues caused by cluster dynamicity have been addressed in our design, including blocking in election within a cluster and multiple cluster-heads in election of upper layer. The proposed algorithm is proved to be correct rigorously.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Aguilera, M.K., Delporte-Gallet, C., Fauconnier, H., Toueg, S.: Communication Efficient Leader Election and Consensus with Limited Link Synchrony. In: PODC 2004, pp. 328–337 (2004)
Hutle, M., Malkhi, D., Schmid, U., Zhou, L.: Chasing the Weakest System Model for Implementing Ω and Consensus. IEEE Trans’ on Dependable and Secure Computing 6(4), 269–281 (2009)
Fernández, A., Jiménez, E., Raynal, M.: Eventual Leader Election with Weak Assumptions on Initial Knowledge, Communication Reliability, and Synchrony. In: DSN 2006, pp. 166–175. IEEE Society Press (2006)
Tucci-Piergiovanni, S., Baldoni, R.: Eventual Leader Election in Infinite Arrival Message-Passing System Model with Bounded Concurrency. In: EDCC 2010, pp. 127–134 (2010)
Larrea, M., Raynal, M., Soraluze, I.: Specifying and Implementing an Eventual Leader Service for Dynamic Systems. Int’ J. of Web and Grid Services 8(3), 204–224 (2012)
Kuhn, F., Schmid, S., Wattenhofer, R.: A self-repairing peer-to-peer system resilient to dynamic adversarial churn. In: Castrovan, M., Renesse, R. (eds.) IPTPS 2005. LNCS, vol. 3640, pp. 13–23. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Rowstron, A., Druschel, P.: Storage Management and Caching in Past, A Large-scale, Persistent Peer-to-peer Storage Utility. ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review 35(5), 188–201 (2001)
Vaze, R., Heath, R.W.: Transmission Capacity of Ad-hoc Networks with Multiple Antennas Using Transmit Stream Adaptation and Interference Cancellation. IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 58(2), 780–792 (2012)
O’Dell, R., Wattenhofer, R.: Information Dissemination in Highly Dynamic Graphs. In: Proc. of the 2005 Joint Workshop on Foundations of Mobile Computing, pp. 104–110. ACM (2005)
Haeupler, B., Karger, D.: Faster Information Dissemination in Dynamic Networks Via Network Coding. In: PODC 2011, pp. 6–8 (2011)
Mostefaoui, A., Raynal, M., Travers, C., et al.: From Static Distributed Systems to Dynamic Systems. In: SRDS 2005, pp. 109–118 (2005)
Merritt, M., Taubenfeld, G.: Computing with Infinitely Many Processes. Distributed Computing. In: Herlihy, M. (ed.) DISC 2000. LNCS, vol. 1914, pp. 164–178. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)
Chandra, T.D., Toueg, S.: Unreliable Failure Detectors for Reliable Distributed Systems. Journal of the ACM (JACM) 43(2), 225–267 (1996)
Fischer, M.J., Lynch, N.A., Paterson, M.S.: Impossibility of Distributed Consensus with One Faulty Process. Journal of the ACM (JACM) 32(2), 374–382 (1985)
Mostefaoui, A., Raynal, M., Travers, C.: Crash-Resilient Time-Free Eventual Leadership. In: SRDS 2004, pp. 208–217. IEEE Computer Society Press (2004)
Aguilera, M.K., Delporte-Gallet, C., Fauconnier, H., Toueg, S.: On Implementing Omega with Weak Reliability and Synchrony Assumptions. Distributed Computing 21(4), 285–314 (2008)
Gupta, I., Chandra, T.D., Goldszmidt, G.S.: On scalable and efficient distributed failure detectors. In: Proc. 20th ACM Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing (PODC 2001), pp. 170-179. ACM Press (2001)
Yang, Z., Wu, W., Chen, Y., Zhang, J.: Efficient Information Dissemination in Dynamic Networks. In: ICPP 2013, Lyon, France, October 1-4 (2013)
Mostéfaoui, A., Mourgaya, E., Raynal, M., Travers, C.: A Time-free Assumption to Implement Eventual Leadership. Parallel Processing letters 16(2), 189–208 (2006)
Malkhi, D., Oprea, F., Zhou, L.: Ω Meets Paxos: Leader Election And Stability without Eventual Timely Links. In: Fraigniaud, P. (ed.) DISC 2005. LNCS, vol. 3724, pp. 199–213. Springer, Heidelberg (2005)
Guerraoui, R., Hurfin, M., Mostéfaoui, A., Oliveira, R., Raynal, M., Schiper, A.: Consensus in Asynchronous Distributed Systems: A Concise Guided Tour. In: Krakowiak, S., Shrivastava, S. (eds.) Distributed Systems. LNCS, vol. 1752, pp. 33–47. Springer, Heidelberg (2000)
Raynal, M.: Eventual Leader Service in Unreliable Asynchronous Systems: Why? How? In: NCA 2007, pp. 11–24 (2007)
Wu, W., Cao, J., Yang, J., Raynal, M.: Design and Performance Evaluation of Efficient Consensus Protocols for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks. IEEE Transactions on Computers 56(8), 1055–1070 (2007)
Wu, W., Cao, J., Raynal, M.: Eventual Clusterer: a Modular Approach to Designing Hierarchical Consensus Protocols in MANETs. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems 20(6), 753–765 (2009)
Larrea, M., Fernández, A., Arévalo, S.: On the implementation of Unreliable failure detectors in partially synchronous systems. IEEE Transactions on Computers 53(7), 815–828 (2004)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Li, H., Wu, W., Zhou, Y. (2014). Hierarchical Eventual Leader Election for Dynamic Systems. In: Sun, Xh., et al. Algorithms and Architectures for Parallel Processing. ICA3PP 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8630. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11197-1_26
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11197-1_26
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-11196-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-11197-1
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)