Skip to main content

Engaging Adolescent Students’ Metacognition Through WebQuests: A Case Study of Embedded Metacognition

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Metacognition: Fundaments, Applications, and Trends

Part of the book series: Intelligent Systems Reference Library ((ISRL,volume 76))

  • 2945 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter is a case study which examines how graduate teacher-education students designed WebQuests (WQs) that engaged their students metacognitively through embedded activities. As a course requirement, students created their own WQs for their adolescent students after having engaged in one and learning about metacognition from both the perspectives of a teacher and a student. The results showed various types of metacognition were embedded at both the junior high (JH) and high school (HS) levels. Both executive management metacognition (EMM) and strategic knowledge metacognition (SKM) were embedded at both school levels. In addition to individual metacognition, metacognitive activities were embedded in a social context, involving pair and group assignments. Sometimes metacognition was required, while other times it was expected. Metacognition was embedded in several WQ components, especially tasks, process, evaluation and conclusions. Conclusion-component metacognitive embeds were generally expected but not required, while metacognitive embeds in the tasks, process and evaluation components were more often required. Affective self-reflections (ASRs) were also embedded in the WQs at both school levels. Implications for future research and designing WQs to maximize metacognitive engagement are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Abbreviations

A:

Let’s learn about the smallest thing in the earth (Atom)

AF:

If you don’t become an actor you’ll never be a factor

ASR:

Affective self-reflection

BC:

Building character: preparing for role

CD:

Show me your neighborhood: A quest for cultural diversity

DC:

Demystifying the cell

EbM:

Embedded metacognition

EMM:

Executive management metacognition

F:

Life before the rocks: A theatrical journey to Grosse-Ile (Famine)

GM:

As Mt. Olympus turns: Greek mythology, a soap opera

GG:

Let’s get the groove going!

HS:

High school

JH:

Junior high

M:

Machinima: What is it, why you might care and how can it help you in your English lit and theater classes

MLK and MX:

Martin Luther King and Malcolm X have something to say to you!

N:

Lessons of Nanook from yesterday to today

Nu:

Number systems: Does 11 = 11, 3 or 17?

PWQ:

Piaget WebQuest

RT:

Right triangles are your friends!

S:

Cut it out: printmaking with stencils

SCW:

Viva la revolucion: Spanish civil war and better understand the house of Bernarda Alda

SM:

Social metacognition

SKM:

Strategic knowledge metacognition

WBS:

White school—black school: Melba Patillo, integration and the Little Rock 9

WQ/WQs:

WebQuest/WebQuests

WS:

Writing to show—not tell

WW:

Why write?

References

  1. Dodge, B.: Some thoughts about WebQuests. http://webquest.sdsu.edu/about_webquests.html

  2. March, T.: Revisiting WebQuests in a web 2 world: how developments in technology and pedagogy combine to scaffold personal learning. Interact. Educ. Multimedia 15, 1–17 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Abbit, J., Ophus, J.: What we know about the impacts of Web-Quests: a review of research. AACE J. 16(4), 441–456 (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Alshumaimeri, Y.A., Almasri, M.M.: The effects of using WebQuests on reading comprehension performance of Saudi EFL students. Turk. Online J. Educ. Technol. 11(4), 295–306 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Kachina, O.: Using WebQuests in the social science classroom. Contemp. Issues Educ. Res. 5(3), 185–200 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Salsovic, A.: WebQuests—Inquiry-based lesson plans that harness the technology of the Internet—are easy to implement. Math. Teacher 102(9), 666–671 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hartman, H.J.: Developing students’ metacognitive knowledge and skills. In: Hartman, H.J. (ed.) Metacognition in Learning and Instruction: Theory, Research and Practice. Neuropsychology and Cognition, vol. 19, pp. 33–68. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (2001)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  8. Fisher, R.: Thinking about thinking: Developing metacognition in children. Early Childhood Dev. Care 141, 1–15 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Sternberg, R.J.: Metacognition, abilities and developing expertise: what makes an expert student? Instr. Sci. 26(1–2), 127–140 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Coskun, A.: The effect of metacognitive strategy training on the listening performance of beginner students. Novitas R: Res. Youth Lang. 4(1), 35–50 (2010)

    MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  11. Eggert, S., Ostermeyer, F., Hasselhorn, M., Bögeholz, S.: Socioscientific decision making in the science classroom: the effect of embedded metacognitive instructions on students’ learning outcomes. Educ. Res. Int. 309894, 12 (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Azevedo, R.: Computers as metacognitive tools for enhancing learning. Educ. Psychol. 40(2), 193–197 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Poitras, E., Lajoie, S., Hong, Y.J.: The design of technology-rich environments as metacognitive tools in history education. Instr. Sci. 40(6), 1033–1061 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Kori, K., Mäeots, M., Pedaste, M.: Guided reflection to support quality of reflection and inquiry in web-based learning. In: 4th International Conference on Education & Educational Psychology (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Cho, K., Cho, M-H., Hacker, D.J.: Self-monitoring support for learning to write. Interact. Learn. Environ. 18(2), 101–113 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Ramirez-Corona, N., Zaira, R., Lopez-Malo, A., Palau, E.: Assessing metacognitive awareness during problem solving in a kinetics and homogeneous reactor design course. In: 120th American Society for Engineering Education Conference, pp. 1–14, Atlanta (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Iiskala, T., Vauras, M., Lehtinen, E.: Socially-shared metacognition in peer learning? Hellenic J. Psychol. 1, 147–178 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Chan, C.K.K.: Co-regulation of learning in computer-supported collaborative learning environments: A discussion. Metacognition Learn. 7, 63–73 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Frith, C.D.: The role of metacognition in human social interactions. Philisophical Trans. R Soc B: Biol. Sci. 367(1599), 2213–2223 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Siegel, M.: Filling in the distance between us: Group metacognition during problem solving in secondary education course. J. Sci. Educ. Technol. 21(3), 325–341 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Smith, J.: An investigation in the use of collaborative metacognition during mathematical problem solving: A case study with a primary five class in Scotland. PhD Dissertation, University of Glasgow (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Whimbey, A., Lochhead, J.: Problem Solving and Comprehension. Franklin Institute Press, Philadelphia (1982)

    Google Scholar 

  23. King, A.: From sage on the stage to guide on the side. Coll. Teach. 41(1), 30–35 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Lyman, F.: The responsive classroom discussion: The inclusion of all students. Mainstreaming Digest. Univ. Maryland, College Park (1981)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Sharan, Y., Sharan, S.: Group investigation expands cooperative learning. Educ. Leadersh., 17–21 (1989/1990)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Hmelo, C.E., Gotterer, G.S., Bransford, J.D.: A theory driven approach to assessing the cognitive effects of PBL. Instr. Sci. 25(6), 387–408 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Saab, N., van Joolingan, W., van Hout-Wolters, B.: Support of the collaborative inquiry learning process: influence of support on task and team regulation. Metacognition Learn. 7(1), 7–23 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Janssen, J., Erkens, G., Kirschner, P.A.: Task-related and social regulation during online collaborative learning. Metacognition Learn. 7, 25–43 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Chick, N., Karas, T., Kernahan, C.: Learning from their own learning: how metacognitive and meta-affective reflections enhance learning in race-related courses. Int. J. Sch. Teach. Learn. 3(1), 1–28 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Picard, R.W., Papert, S., Bender, W., Blumberg, B., Breazeal, C., Cavallo, D., Machover, T., Resnick, M., Roy, D., Strohecker, C.: Affective learning—a manifesto. BT Technol. J. 22(4), 253–269 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Bandura, A., Caprara, G.V., Barbaranelli, C., Gerbino, M., Pastorelli, C.: Role of affective self-regulatory efficacy on diverse spheres of psychosocial functioning. Child Dev. 74(3), 769–782 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Forgas, J.P., Baumeister, R.F., Tice, D.: Psychology of self-regulation: Cognitive, affective, and motivational processes. Psychology Press, New York (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Hartman, H.J., Sternberg, R.J.: A broad BACEIS for improving thinking. Instr. Sci. 21(5), 401–425 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Illeris, K.: Transformative learning in the perspective of a comprehensive learning theory. J. Transformative Educ. 2(2), 79–89 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Pang, K., Ross, C.: Assessing the integration of embedded metacognitive strategies in college subjects for improved learning outcomes: a new model of learning activity. J. Effective Teach. 10(1), 79–97 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Luzon, M.J.: Providing scaffolding and feedback in online learning environments. Mélanges, CRAPEL 28, 113–122 (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  37. Luzon, M.J.: Enhancing Webquest for effective ESP learning. CORELL: Comput. Resour. Lang. Learn. 1, 1–13 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Li, J., Yue, Y., Yang, M.: On WebQuest-based metacognitive speaking strategy instruction. Theor. Pract. Lang. Stud. 1(12), 1762–1766 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  39. Lee, J., Liu, W., Wang, L.: On the application of WebQuest in learning of metacognitive writing strategy. In: 5th International Conference on Computational and Information Sciences (ICCIS), pp. 1737–1739. Shiyang, China (2013)

    Google Scholar 

  40. Mora, R.A., Martinez, J.D., Alzate-Perez, L., Gomez-Yepes, R., Zapata-Monsalve, L.M.: Rethinking WebQuests in second language teacher education: The case of one Colombian university. In: Wankel, C., Blessinger, P. (eds). Increasing Student Engagement and Retention using Online Learning Activities: Wikis, Blogs & Webquests. Cutting-edge Technologies in Higher Education. vol. 6A. pp. 291–319. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley, UK (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Hsiao, H.S., Tsai, C.C., Lin, C.Y., Lin, C.C.: Implementing a self-regulated WebQuest learning system for Chinese elementary school. Australas. J. Educ. Technol. 28(2), 315–340 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  42. Hartman, H.J.: Consuming and constructing knowledge through WebQuests. In: Wankel, C., Blessinger, P. (eds). Increasing Student Engagement and Retention using Online Learning Activities: Wikis, Blogs & Webquests. Cutting-edge Technologies in Higher Education. vol. 6A. pp. 255–289. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, Bingley, UK (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Hartman, H.J.: Discovering and uncovering Piaget. http://zunal.com/webquest.php?w=22695

  44. Mayer, R.E.: Cognitive theory of multimedia learning. In: Mayer, R.E. (ed.) The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning, pp. 31–48. Cambridge University Press, New York (2005)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  45. Sternberg, R.J.: Beyond IQ: A Triarchic Theory of Intelligence. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  46. Dede, C.: The evolution of distance education: emerging technologies and distributed learning. Ame J Distance Educ. 10(2), 4–36 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Vygotsky, L.: Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press, Cambridge (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  48. Brown, J.S., Collins, A., Duguid, P.: Situated cognition and the culture of learning. Educ. Researcher 18(1), 32–42 (1989)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Lave, J., Wenger, E.: Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1991)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  50. Cochran-Smith, M., Lytle, S.L.: Relationships of knowledge and practice: teacher learning in communities. Rev. Res. Educ. 24, 249–305 (1999)

    Google Scholar 

  51. Schon, D.: The Reflective Practitioner. Basic Books, New York (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  52. Friere, P.: Pedagogy of the Oppressed. Herder and Herder, Freiburg (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  53. Choi, I., Land, S., Turgeon, A.: Scaffolding peer questioning strategies to facilitate metacognition during online small group discussion. Instr. Sci. 33(5–6), 483–511 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hope J. Hartman .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hartman, H.J. (2015). Engaging Adolescent Students’ Metacognition Through WebQuests: A Case Study of Embedded Metacognition. In: Peña-Ayala, A. (eds) Metacognition: Fundaments, Applications, and Trends. Intelligent Systems Reference Library, vol 76. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11062-2_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11062-2_6

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-11061-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-11062-2

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics