Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Classification of Plasma Cell Neoplasms

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Plasma Cell Neoplasms

Abstract

The plasma cell neoplasms are clonal proliferations of immunoglobulin (Ig)-producing plasma cells or lymphoplasmacytic cells that make and secrete a single class of Ig or a polypeptide subunit of Ig that is usually detectable as a monoclonal protein (M protein) in serum or urine. The plasma cell neoplasms range from asymptomatic disorders that may never develop clinical disease (monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance) to more aggressive diseases with significant morbidity and mortality (plasma cell myeloma). The classification of plasma cell neoplasms is based on a combination of clinical and pathological parameters that takes into account the extent of disease (clonal plasma cell burden and level of M-protein) and evidence of end organ damage/dysfunction.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 59.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. McKenna RW, Kyle RA, Kuehl WM, Grogan TM, Harris NL, Coupland RW. Plasma cell neoplasms. In: Swerdlow SH, Campo E, Harris NL, et al., Editors. WHO classification of tumours of haematopoietic and lymphoid tissues. Lyon: IACR; 2008. p. 200–13.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Kyle RA, Therneau TM, Rajkumar SV, et al. Prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(13):1362–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Kyle RA. ‘Benign’ monoclonal gammopathy. A misnomer? JAMA. 1984;251(14):1849–54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Kyle RA, Rajkumar SV. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Br J Haematol. 2006;134(6):573–89.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Pérez-Persona E, Vidriales MB, Mateo G, et al. New criteria to identify risk of progression in monoclonal gammopathy of uncertain significance and smoldering multiple ­myeloma based on multiparameter flow cytometry analysis of bone marrow plasma cells. Blood. 2007;110(7):2586–92.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Ocqueteau M, Orfao A, Almeida J, et al. Immunophenotypic characterization of plasma cells from monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance patients. Implications for the differential diagnosis between MGUS and multiple myeloma. Am J Pathol. 1998;152(6):1655–65.

    PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Kyle RA, Therneau TM, Rajkumar SV, et al. A long-term study of prognosis in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. N Engl J Med. 2002;346(8):564–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Gregersen H, Jensen P, Gislum M, Jørgensen B, Sørensen HT, Nørgaard M. Fracture risk in patients with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. Br J Haematol. 2006;135(1):62–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Kristinsson SY, Tang M, Pfeiffer RM, et al. Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and risk of skeletal fractures: a population-based study. Blood. 2010;116(15):2651–5.

    Article  PubMed Central  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Cohen HJ, Crawford J, Rao MK, Pieper CF, Currie MS. Racial differences in the prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy in a community-based sample of the elderly. Am J Med. 1998;104(5):439–44.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Ries LAG, Institute NC, Program NCIDoCPaCS. Cancer statistics review 1973–88. National Cancer Institute; 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Devesa SS, Silverman DT, Young JL, et al. Cancer incidence and mortality trends among whites in the United States, 1947–84. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1987;79(4):701–70.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Greenlee RT, Murray T, Bolden S, Wingo PA. Cancer statistics, 2000. CA Cancer J Clin. 2000;50(1):7–33.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Kyle RA. Diagnostic criteria of multiple myeloma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 1992;6(2):347–58.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Brown LM, Linet MS, Greenberg RS, et al. Multiple myeloma and family history of cancer among blacks and whites in the U.S. Cancer. 1999;85(11):2385–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Group IMW. Criteria for the classification of monoclonal gammopathies, multiple myeloma and related disorders: a report of the International Myeloma Working Group. Br J Haematol. 2003;121(5):749–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Kyle RA, Remstein ED, Therneau TM, et al. Clinical course and prognosis of smoldering (asymptomatic) multiple myeloma. N Engl J Med. 2007;356(25):2582–90.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Dimopoulos MA, Moulopoulos LA, Maniatis A, Alexanian R. Solitary plasmacytoma of bone and asymptomatic multiple myeloma. Blood. 2000;96(6):2037–44.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Tiedemann RE, Gonzalez-Paz N, Kyle RA, et al. Genetic aberrations and survival in plasma cell leukemia. Leukemia. 2008;22(5).

    Google Scholar 

  20. Dimopoulos MA, Palumbo A, Delasalle KB, Alexanian R. Primary plasma cell leukaemia. Br J Haematol. 1994;88(4):754–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Garcia-Sanz R, Orfao A, Gonzalez M, et al. Primary plasma cell leukemia: clinical, immunophenotypic, DNA ploidy, and cytogenetic characteristics. Blood. 1999;93(3).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Moulopoulos LA, Dimopoulos MA, Weber D, Fuller L, Libshitz HI, Alexanian R. Magnetic resonance imaging in the staging of solitary plasmacytoma of bone. J Clin Oncol. 1993;11(7):1311–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Alexiou C, Kau RJ, Dietzfelbinger H, et al. Extramedullary plasmacytoma: tumor occurrence and therapeutic concepts. Cancer. 1999;85(11):2305–14.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Dimopoulos MA, Hamilos G. Solitary bone plasmacytoma and extramedullary plasmacytoma. Curr Treat Options Oncol. 2002;3(3):255–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Buxbaum J. Mechanisms of disease: monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition. Amyloidosis, light chain deposition disease, and light and heavy chain deposition disease. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 1992;6(2):323–46.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Kyle RA, Linos A, Beard CM, et al. Incidence and natural history of primary systemic amyloidosis in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1950 through 1989. Blood. 1992;79(7):1817–22.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Kyle RA, Greipp PR. Amyloidosis (AL). Clinical and laboratory features in 229 cases. Mayo Clin Proc. 1983;58(10):665–83.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Kyle RA, Gertz MA, Witzig TE, et al. Review of 1027 patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma. Mayo Clin Proc. 2003;78(1):21–33.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Randall RE, Williamson WC, Mullinax F, Tung MY, Still WJ. Manifestations of systemic light chain deposition. Am J Med. 1976;60(2):293–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Kambham N, Markowitz GS, Appel GB, Kleiner MJ, Aucouturier P, D’agati VD. Heavy chain deposition disease: the disease spectrum. Am J Kidney Dis. 1999;33(5):954–62.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Buxbaum JN, Chuba JV, Hellman GC, Solomon A, Gallo GR. Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease: light chain and light and heavy chain deposition diseases and their relation to light chain amyloidosis. Clinical features, immunopathology, and molecular analysis. Ann Intern Med. 1990;112(6):455–64.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Buxbaum J, Gallo G. Nonamyloidotic monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease. Light-chain, heavy-chain, and light- and heavy-chain deposition diseases. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 1999;13(6):1235–48.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Dhodapkar MV, Merlini G, Solomon A. Biology and therapy of immunoglobulin deposition diseases. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 1997;11(1):89–110.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Gallo G, Picken M, Frangione B, Buxbaum J. Nonamyloidotic monoclonal immunoglobulin deposits lack amyloid P component. Mod Pathol. 1988;1(6):453–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Bardwick PA, Zvaifler NJ, Gill GN, Newman D, Greenway GD, Resnick DL. Plasma cell dyscrasia with polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, and skin changes: the POEMS syndrome. Report on two cases and a review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 1980;59(4):311–22.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Miralles GD, O’Fallon JR, Talley NJ. Plasma-cell dyscrasia with polyneuropathy. The spectrum of POEMS syndrome. N Engl J Med. 1992;327(27):1919–23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Dispenzieri A, Kyle RA, Lacy MQ, et al. POEMS syndrome: definitions and long-term outcome. Blood. 2003;101(7):2496–506.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Dispenzieri A. POEMS syndrome: 2014 update on diagnosis, risk-stratification, and management. Am J Hematol. 2014;89(2):214–23.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Sykes DB, Schroyens W, O’Connell C. The TEMPI syndrome—a novel multisystem disease. N Engl J Med. 2011;365(5):475–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Mohammadi F, Wolverson MK, Bastani B. A new case of TEMPI syndrome. Clin Kidney J. 2012;5:556–8.

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Kwok M, Korde N, Landgren O. Bortezomib to treat the TEMPI syndrome. N Engl J Med. 2012;366(19):1843–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Schroyens W, O’Connell C, Sykes DB. Complete and partial responses of the TEMPI syndrome to bortezomib. N Engl J Med. 2012;367(8):778–80.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware St. SE, MMC 609, 55454, Minneapolis, MN, USA

    Sophia L. Yohe MD

Authors
  1. Sophia L. Yohe MD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sophia L. Yohe MD .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. and Pathology, University of Minnesota Department of Laboratory Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

    Michael A. Linden

  2. and Pathology, University of Minnesota Department of Laboratory Medicine, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA

    Robert W. McKenna

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2016 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Yohe, S. (2016). Classification of Plasma Cell Neoplasms. In: Linden, M., McKenna, R. (eds) Plasma Cell Neoplasms. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10918-3_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10918-3_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-10917-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-10918-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation