Abstract
We use Tracking-Learning-Detection algorithm (TLD) [1]-[3] to localize and track objects in images sensed simultaneously by two parallel cameras in order to determine 3D coordinates of the tracked object. TLD method was chosen for its state-of-art performance and high robustness. TLD stores the object to be tracked as a set of 2D grayscale images that is incrementally built. We have implemented the 3D tracking system into a PC, communicating with the Nao humanoid robot [4][5] equipped with a stereo camera head. Experiments evaluating the accuracy of the 3D tracking system are presented. The robot uses feed-forward control to touch the tracked object. The controller is an artificial neural network trained using the error Back-Propagation algorithm. Experiments evaluating the success rate of the robot touching the object are presented.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Kalal, Z., Matas, J., Mikolajczyk, K.: P-N Learning: Bootstrapping Binary Classifiers by Structural Constraints. In: Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (2010)
Kalal, Z., Matas, J., Mikolajczyk, K.: Online learning of robust object detectors during unstable tracking. In: 3rd Online Learning for Computer Vision Workshop 2009. IEEE CS, Kyoto (2009)
Kalal, Z., Matas, J., Mikolajczyk, K.: Forward-Backward Error: Automatic Detection of Tracking Failures. In: International Conference on Pattern Recognition, Istanbul, Turkey, August 23-26 (2010)
Aldebaran Robotics. Nao Website, http://www.aldebaran-robotics.com/en/
Aldebaran Robotics. Nao Documentation v1.14.2, http://www.aldebaran-robotics.com/documentation/index.html
Lucas, B.D., Kanade, T.: An iterative image registration technique with an application to stereo vision. In: Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 674–679 (1981)
Breiman, L.: Random forests. ML 45(1), 5–32 (2001)
Yilmaz, A., Javed, O., Shah, M.: Object Tracking: A Survey. ACM Comput. Surv. 38(4), Article 13, 45 (2006)
Puheim, M.: Application of TLD for object tracking in stereoscopic images. Diploma thesis. Technical University of Košice. Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics. Košice, 68 pages (2013) (in Slovak)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this paper
Cite this paper
Puheim, M., Bundzel, M., Sinčák, P., Madarász, L. (2015). Application of Tracking-Learning-Detection for Object Tracking in Stereoscopic Images. In: Sinčák, P., Hartono, P., Virčíková, M., Vaščák, J., Jakša, R. (eds) Emergent Trends in Robotics and Intelligent Systems. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 316. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10783-7_35
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10783-7_35
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-10782-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-10783-7
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)