Skip to main content

Position Refinement

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Indoor Location-Based Services
  • 1507 Accesses

Abstract

There is a lot of possibility to improve service quality by extending the notion of a positioning system. Basic positioning systems assign locations to measurements. Advanced systems can use time-series information for refinement including Weighted Least Squares, Recursive Least Squares, Kalman filtering, and particle filtering. The main results and algorithms get a closed explanation in this chapter.

But since all our measurements and observations are nothing more than approximation to the truth, the same must be true of all calculations resting upon them, and the highest aim of all computations made concerning concrete phenomena must be to approximate, as nearly as practicable, to the truth.

Karl Friedrich Gauss

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Arulampalam, M., Maskell, S., Gordon, N., Clapp, T.: A tutorial on particle filters for online nonlinear/non-gaussian bayesian tracking. IEEE Trans. Signal Process. 50(2), 174–188 (2002). doi:10.1109/78.978374

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Chen, Z.: Bayesian filtering: from Kalman filters to particle filters, and beyond. Statistics 182(1), 1–69 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Gordon, N., Salmond, D., Smith, A.: Novel approach to nonlinear/non-gaussian bayesian state estimation. In: Proceedings of the Institute of Electrical Engineering, vol. 140, pp. 107–113 (1993)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Groves, P.D.: Principles of GNSS, inertial, and multisensor integrated navigation systems. Artech House, London (2013)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  5. Hofmann-Wellenhof, B., Legat, K., Wieser, M.: Navigation – Principles of Positioning and Guidance. Springer, Wien (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Sorenson, H.W.: Least-squares estimation: from gauss to Kalman. IEEE Spectr. 7(7), 63–68 (1970)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Werner, M. (2014). Position Refinement. In: Indoor Location-Based Services. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10699-1_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10699-1_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-10698-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-10699-1

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics