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Studying Gamification: The Effect of Rewards and Incentives on Motivation

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Gamification in Education and Business

Abstract

Gamification is the use of game design elements in non-game contexts to encourage a desired type of behavior. In recent years gamification systems have been applied in marketing as well as non-business contexts such as politics, health, or interactive systems and education.

Although gamification is a new concept, it is gaining momentum; technology industry research firm Gartner estimates that by 2015, some 50 % of large companies will use the techniques for at least one business process, and M2 Research estimates revenue from gamification software, consulting and marketing will reach $938 million by 2014, up from less than $100 million in 2011.

The objective in this chapter is to form theoretical principles for gamification in practice. Based on the role of rewards and incentives on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, we offer a framework for building feedback mechanisms. The chapter is built upon three components: a model of motivation in games; an overview of incentives and rewards used in games and their role in creating motivation, while tying these rewards into the motivation model; classifying game achievements according to their characteristics (tangibility, exchangeability etc.). Finally some future research directions are presented.

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Notes

  1. 1.

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Acknowledgement

Partial support for this research was provided by the I-CORE Program of the Planning and Budgeting Committee and the Israel Science Foundation 1716/12, by IBM Open Collaborative Research, and by The Center for Internet Research, University of Haifa, Israel.

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  1. The Center for Internet Research and LINKS I-CORE Program, Faculty of Management, University of Haifa, 199 Abba Khoushy Avenue, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel

    Ganit Richter, Daphne R. Raban & Sheizaf Rafaeli

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  1. Ganit Richter
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  2. Daphne R. Raban
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  3. Sheizaf Rafaeli
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Correspondence to Ganit Richter .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Information Systems, Curtin University, Bentley, West Australia, Australia

    Torsten Reiners

  2. Dept. of Business Information Systems, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand

    Lincoln C. Wood

Appendix

Appendix

Table 2.2 Examples of some gamification systems in business and education
Full size table

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Richter, G., Raban, D.R., Rafaeli, S. (2015). Studying Gamification: The Effect of Rewards and Incentives on Motivation. In: Reiners, T., Wood, L. (eds) Gamification in Education and Business. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10208-5_2

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