Abstract
The signal received by the antenna includes the scattered signal from the chipless RFID tag located in the reader area, reflections from background objects (clutter), and noise. Therefore, the detection process is a challenging aspect in the design of chipless RFID systems. In most situations, the reflections from background objects are stronger than the tag response. The identification can be performed based on the time-domain or frequency-domain response. In this chapter, first the time and frequency characteristics of the scattered signal from the tag are presented. It will be shown that the absolute value of the scattered field from the tag and the group delay response do not provide sufficient information about the resonant behavior of the tag. Then, a review on the time-frequency techniques, suitable for extracting the information from the signal, is presented. Two basic techniques such as short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and wavelet transform are studied in more detail. A new technique, called short-time matrix pencil method (STMPM) is introduced by which the resonant frequencies and damping factors of the CNRs are extracted from the time-domain response. It will be shown that by increasing the filtering parameter and decreasing the length of the window simultaneously, the resolution in both time and frequency domains can be improved, simultaneously. The performance of the method against noise and some important parameters such as resolution in time and frequency are studied in detail in this chapter. As an example, the time-frequency analysis of the open-ended cylinder is presented and compared to the results obtained from short-time frequency transform (STFT). Then, the application of the proposed technique in decoding the IDs of the chipless RFID tags is presented.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Stutzman WL, Thiele GA (1998) Antenna theory and design. Wiley, New York, NY
Reed JH (2005) An introduction to ultra wideband communication systems. Prentice Hall PTR, Upper Saddle River, NJ
Licul S, Davis WA (2005) Unified frequency and time-domain antenna modeling and characterization. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 53:2882–2888
Qian S, Dapang C (1999) Joint time-frequency analysis. IEEE Signal Process Mag 16:52–67
Poularikas AD (2000) Transforms and applications handbook. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
Chen VC, Ling H (2002) Time-frequency transforms for radar imaging and signal analysis. Artech House, Boston, MA
VanBlaricum M, Mittra R (1978) Problems and solutions associated with Prony’s method for processing transient data. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 26:174–182
Sarkar TK, Pereira O (1995) Using the matrix pencil method to estimate the parameters of a sum of complex exponentials. IEEE Antennas Propag Mag 37:48–55
Rothwell E, Nyquist DP, Chen YF, Drachman B (1985) Radar target discrimination using the extinction-pulse technique. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 33:929–937
Woojin L, Sarkar TK, Hongsik M, Salazar-Palma M (2012) Computation of the natural poles of an object in the frequency domain using the Cauchy method. IEEE Antennas Wirel Propag Lett 11:1137–1140
Licul S (2004) Ultra-wideband antenna characterization and measurements. Ph.D. dissertation, Virginia Tech., Blacksburg, VA
Rezaiesarlak R, Manteghi M (2013) Short-time matrix pencil method for chipless RFID detection applications. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 61:2801–2806
Rezaiesarlak R, Manteghi M (2014) On the Application of Short-Time Matrix Pencil Method for Wideband Scattering from resonant structures. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag. Under review
Moffatt DL, Mains RK (1975) Detection and discrimination of radar targets. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 23:358–367
Li Q, Ilavarasan P, Ross JE, Rothwell EJ, Chen YF, Nyquist DP (1998) Radar target identification using a combined early-time/late-time E-pulse technique. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 46:1272–1278
Chauveau J, De Beaucoudrey N, Saillard J (2010) Resonance behavior of radar targets with aperture: example of an open rectangular cavity. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 58:2060–2068
Chen V, Hao L (1999) Joint time-frequency analysis for radar signal and image processing. IEEE Signal Process Mag 16(2):81–93
Moghaddar A, Walton KE (1993) Time-frequency analysis of scattering from waveguide cavities. IEEE Trans Antennas Propag 41(5):677–680
Ram SS, Hao L (2007) Application of the reassigned joint time-frequency transform to wideband scattering from waveguide cavities. IEEE Antenna Wireless Propag Lett 6:580–583
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Rezaiesarlak, R., Manteghi, M. (2015). Identification of Chipless RFID Tags in the Reader. In: Chipless RFID. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10169-9_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10169-9_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-10168-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-10169-9
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)