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Fungal Transformation: From Protoplasts to Targeted Recombination Systems

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Genetic Transformation Systems in Fungi, Volume 1

Part of the book series: Fungal Biology ((FUNGBIO))

Abstract

Transformation of fungi is required for understanding their molecular biology and for manipulation of strains of industrial interest. The development of efficient transformation systems has been hampered by the extreme diversity of ascomycetes, basidiomycetes, and zygomycetes. Polyethylene glycol-assisted transformation of fungal protoplasts is the most widely used system but alternative procedures, e.g., electroporation and Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation have been developed.

Most transformation procedures rely on integrative vectors, but AMA1-containing vectors that replicate autonomously are available. Exogenous DNA integrates frequently at nonhomologous sites in the genome. This is a problem for targeted gene disruption and for quantifying gene expression. Procedures for directed integration of a single plasmid copy at a specific locus in the genome have been developed.

Mutants of different fungi impaired in the NHEJ system allowed to select recombinants at homologous sites with high efficiency. These advances have contributed significantly to the progress in the molecular biology of fungi.

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Acknowledgements

I acknowledge the help of Dr. Paloma Liras for valuable scientific discussions on the manuscript and the initial scientific collaboration on fungal transformation of Drs. J.M. Cantoral, J.L. Barredo, B. Díez, S. Gutiérrez, F. Fierro, J. Casqueiro, O. Bañuelos, G. Liu and K. Kosalková.

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  1. Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Science, University of León, Campus de Vegazana s/n, León, 24071, Spain

    Juan F. Martín Ph.D.

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Correspondence to Juan F. Martín Ph.D. .

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  1. Applied Biochemistry Department, DSM Biotechnology Center, Delft, The Netherlands

    Marco A. van den Berg

  2. Global Marker Technology Lab (DuPont-Pioneer), E.I.DuPont India Pvt Ltd, DuPont Knowledge Center, Hyderabad, Telangana, India

    Karunakaran Maruthachalam

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Martín, J.F. (2015). Fungal Transformation: From Protoplasts to Targeted Recombination Systems. In: van den Berg, M., Maruthachalam, K. (eds) Genetic Transformation Systems in Fungi, Volume 1. Fungal Biology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10142-2_1

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