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Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Signaling and Communication in Plants pp 63–77Cite as

Mitochondrial Signaling in Plants Under Hypoxia: Use of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS)

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Part of the book series: Signaling and Communication in Plants ((SIGCOMM,volume 23))

Abstract

Hypoxia commonly occurs in roots in water-saturated soil and in maturing and germinating seeds. We here review the role of the mitochondria in the cellular response to hypoxia with an emphasis on the turnover of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS) and their potential signaling function. Under hypoxia, aerobic respiration in the mitochondria can be limited by the oxygen supply, the electron transport component are more reduced and superoxide and NO are produced in increasing amounts at Complexes III and IV initiating the formation of a range of other ROS and RNS. Unless removed, these compounds can react with proteins either reversibly—one-step oxidation or nitrosylation of cysteine—or irreversibly by carbonylation and this affects the properties of the oxidized proteins in, as yet, mostly unknown ways. ROS, probably hydrogen peroxide, and/or oxidized peptides are thought to be responsible for retrograde signaling to the nucleus. NO, formed by nitrite reduction, is either recycled through the hemoglobin/NO cycle (an oxygen-consuming process) or lost from the tissue by diffusion. Under severe hypoxia this can be a significant drain on the plants fixed nitrogen reserves.

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Abbreviations

AOX:

Alternative oxidase

CCO:

Cytochrome c oxidase

Complex I:

NADH dehydrogenase complex

Complex III:

Cytochrome bc1 complex

Complex IV:

Cytochrome c oxidase complex

ETC:

Electron transport chain

HNE:

4-Hydroxy-2-nonenal

IMM:

Inner mitochondrial membrane

OMM:

Outer mitochondrial membrane

PTM:

Posttranslational modification

RNS:

Reactive nitrogen species

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark

    Kim H. Hebelstrup & Ian M. Møller

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  1. Kim H. Hebelstrup
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  2. Ian M. Møller
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Correspondence to Kim H. Hebelstrup .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom

    Kapuganti Jagadis Gupta

  2. Memorial University of Newfoundland, St John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada

    Abir U. Igamberdiev

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Hebelstrup, K.H., Møller, I.M. (2015). Mitochondrial Signaling in Plants Under Hypoxia: Use of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and Reactive Nitrogen Species (RNS). In: Gupta, K., Igamberdiev, A. (eds) Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Signaling and Communication in Plants. Signaling and Communication in Plants, vol 23. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-10079-1_4

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