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The Effects of Close-in Exoplanets on Their Host Stars

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Characterizing Stellar and Exoplanetary Environments

Part of the book series: Astrophysics and Space Science Library ((ASSL,volume 411))

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Abstract

In analogy to the RS CVn stars, it is expected that close-in planets can induce stellar activity due to tidal and magnetic interaction between the star and the planet. The tidal and/or magnetic interaction between the star and the planet is expected to affect the magnetic field of the star which then cause structural changes of the stellar wind, the corona , the chromosphere , and also spots on the stellar surface. Observations of these effects are difficult and have led to mixed results that can at least partly be explained by the transient nature of the phenomena. The detection of induced activity has been claimed for a number of stars hosting close-in planets . However the most extreme object, WASP-18 , does not show any such signs. The active regions, which have been claimed as being caused by induced activity are not located at the sub-planetary point but often \(70^{\circ }- 80^{\circ }\) ahead of it. Some studies have claimed that stars with close-in, massive exoplanets are statistically more active, but others conclude that this correlation is just the product of a selection bias. Studies with the Kepler-satellite show that superflares exist, but they do not seem to be caused by the interaction between stars and planets. While it is still discussed whether induced activity has been detected for planet-hosting main-sequence stars, the engulfment of planets when the star evolves to a giant might have dramatic consequences.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    There is a long list of articles about the abundance patterns of planet host stars in which it is also discussed whether these are caused by the engulfment of planets (Perryman 2011). However, very few of them discuss the giant stars.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the support by the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) in Bern, Switzerland and the ISSI team Characterizing stellar- and exoplanetary environments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Sternwarte 5, 07778, Tautenburg, Germany

    Eike W. Guenther

  2. European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 2, 85748, Garching bei München, Germany

    Stephan Geier

Authors
  1. Eike W. Guenther
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  2. Stephan Geier
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Correspondence to Eike W. Guenther .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria

    Helmut Lammer

  2. Space Research Institute, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Graz, Austria

    Maxim Khodachenko

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© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

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Guenther, E.W., Geier, S. (2015). The Effects of Close-in Exoplanets on Their Host Stars. In: Lammer, H., Khodachenko, M. (eds) Characterizing Stellar and Exoplanetary Environments. Astrophysics and Space Science Library, vol 411. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09749-7_9

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