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MRI of the Female and Male Pelvis pp 129–158Cite as

Neoplasms of the Ovary

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Abstract

Adnexal masses (AMs) are common findings among both premenopausal and postmenopausal women. The main goals of an initial diagnostic work-up for an AM are to rule out malignancy and to differentiate between AM requiring surgical intervention and those that can be managed conservatively. Among the gynecological sources, diagnostic entities can be broadly separated into functional or physiological, inflammatory, or neoplastic lesions. The latter category can be split into the following sub-categories: epithelial–stromal tumors, sex cord–stromal tumors, germ cell tumors, and secondary tumors. It is also crucial to consider the clinical context of each individual patient diagnosed with an AM. Multimodality imaging assessment plays a key role in the management of adnexal masses and helps to plan the most appropriate therapeutic approach.

The following parameters should be assessed by imaging preoperatively: exact origin of the mass, characterization, likelihood of malignancy, and, when surgery is needed, the feasibility of laparoscopy versus laparotomy.

Transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasonography (TVUS) represent the first-line imaging technique currently used to evaluate AM. Computed tomography (CT) is commonly performed in preoperative disease assessment of a suspected ovarian malignancy.

Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is now widely accepted as the “problem-solving technique” for the characterization of an indeterminate AM having both high sensitivity and specificity in discriminating benign versus malignant lesions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Istituto di Radiologia, Università di Verona, Verona, Italy

    Maria Chiara Ambrosetti, Riccardo De Robertis Lombardi, Stefano Crosara, Federica Castelli, Riccardo Manfredi & Roberto Pozzi Mucelli

  2. Istituto di Radiologia, Ospedale Fracastoro, San Bonifacio, Verona, Italy

    Livia Bernardin

  3. Department of Radiology, Imperial College Healthcare, London, UK

    Andrea Rockall

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  1. Maria Chiara Ambrosetti
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  2. Livia Bernardin
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  3. Riccardo De Robertis Lombardi
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  4. Stefano Crosara
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  5. Federica Castelli
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  8. Roberto Pozzi Mucelli
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Correspondence to Maria Chiara Ambrosetti .

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  1. Department of Radiology, University of Verona, “G.B.Ross” University Hospital, Verona, Italy

    Riccardo Manfredi

  2. Department of Radiology, University of Verona, “G.B.Ross” University Hospital, Verona, Italy

    Roberto Pozzi Mucelli

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Ambrosetti, M.C. et al. (2015). Neoplasms of the Ovary. In: Manfredi, R., Pozzi Mucelli, R. (eds) MRI of the Female and Male Pelvis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09659-9_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09659-9_6

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