Abstract
Human society is built on an evolving set of structures and is therefore cradled within a range of imperatives largely independent of design—the way humans interact is dependent on the circumstances at each phase of its evolution, with the determinates set by the particular set of interactions prevalent at specific points in the chronological evolution of humans. The interrelationship of physical and social evolution is traditionally explained within the separate fields of physical and social anthropology. It is the premise here that humans will react according to their relative stages of evolution and that reactions at one stage cannot be a prerequisite for reactions at another: while the physical evolution of a Greek of the 5th century BC was every bit as developed as that in a modern Greek, the evolving social anthropological model meant that the Greek today would not respond in the way she or he would 2,500 years ago. The fully developed Homo sapiens brain is capable of reforming according to the influences of a continuously evolving social structure and this will play a vital role in any extraterrestrial society. The author proposes that we are unable to predict how liberty, freedom and democracy will feature in an extraterrestrial society because we cannot know how these bedrocks of civilization will be regarded in the future time when such a society will be formed. It is assumed that not for at least 100 years will humans create such a society. Here, an extraterrestrial society is one assumed to be completely separate from Earth societies in both contact and accessibility and therefore unique—without precedent or parallel. The conclusion of this thesis is that an extraterrestrial society may choose not to limit itself to the accepted norms of liberty, freedom and democracy as defined by humans in societies on Earth. It may feel that the various interpretations of their application are lessons to be learned by way of avoiding what it may view as irrational methods of collective agreement, much less a basis for governing a more balanced society. Or, it may choose to redefine the meaning of liberty, freedom and democracy, as humans on Earth have done for millennia.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Brown, J. M. (1994). Modern India: The origins of an Asian democracy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Churchill, W. S. (1940). Speech to the house of commons.
Ezell & Ezell. (1978). The Partnership. NASA History Series SP-4209.
Gamble, C. (1993). Timewalkers. Stroud: Sutton.
Hignett, C. (1952). A History of the Athenian constitution to the end of the fifth century BC. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Miller, R. J. (2006). Native America, discovered and conquered: Thomas Jefferson, Lewis & Clark, and manifest destiny. Greenwood: Greenwood Publishing House.
Mithen, S. (1996) The prehistory of the mind. London: Thames & Hudson.
Mithen, S. (2003). After the ice a global human history. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson.
Popper, K. (1994). All life is problem solving. Various.
Reader, J. (2011). Missing links. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Sheldrake, Rupert. (1988). The presence of the Past: Morphic resonance and the habits of nature. New York: Times Books.
The Chambers Dictionary. (12th Ed.) (2011). Edinburgh: Chambers Harrap Publishers.
Tooby, J., & Cosmides, L. (2000). Evolutionary psychology: Foundational papers. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Tsiolkovsky, K. E. (1903). The exploration of cosmic space by means of reaction devices. Various.
Tzu, S. (2005). The Art of war by Sun Tzu—Special edition. (Trans. by L. Giles). El Paso: El Paso Norte Press.
General Reading
Aiello, L. (1996b). Hominine preadaptations for language and cognition. In P. Mellars, & K. Gibson (Eds.), Modelling the early human mind.
Anderson. J. R. (1980). Cognitive psychology and its implications (2nd ed.) New York: W. H. Freeman.
Bernstein, L. (1976). The unanswered question. Cambridge MA: Harvard University Press.
Bickerton, D. (1990). Language and species. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Binford, L. R. (1981). Bones: Ancient men and modern myths. New York: Academic Press.
Binford, L. R. (1985). Human ancestors: Changing views of their behaviour. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 4, 292–327.
Boden, M. (1990). The creative mind: Myths and mechanisms. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
Brain, C. K. (1981). The hunters or the hunted? Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Byrne, R. W., & Whiten, A. (1988). Cognitive evolution in primates: Evidence from tactical deception. Man NS, 27, 609–627.
Byrne, R. W., & Whiten, A. (1992). Cognitive evolution in primates. Man (N.S.), 27, 609–627.
Byrne, R. W. (1995). The thinking Ape: Evolutionary origins of intelligence. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cann, R. L., Stoneking, M., & Wilson, A. (1987). Mitochondrial DNA and human evolution. Nature, 325, 32–36.
Carruthers, P., & Smith, P. (Eds.). (1996). Theories and theories of minds. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Carter, R. (1998). Mapping the mind. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
Carey, S., & Spelke, E. (1994). Mapping the mind: Domain Specificity. In L. A. Hirschfeld & S. A. Gelman (Eds.), Cognition and culture (pp. 169–200). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Changeux, J. -P. (1985). Neuronal man: The biology of mind. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Clutton-Brock, T. H., & Harvey, P. (1977). Primate ecology and social organization. Journal of the Zoological Society of London, 183, 1–39.
Clutton-Brock, T. H., & Harvey, P. (1980). Primates, brains and ecology. Journal of the Zoological Society of London, 190, 309–323.
Dawkins, R. (1976). The selfish gene. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Dennett, D. (1991). Consciousness explained. New York: Little, Brown & Company.
Donald, M. (1991). Origins of the modern mind. Harvard University Press: Cambridge, MA.
Dunbar, R. I. M. (1988). Primate societies. London: Chapman & Hall.
Dunbar, R. I. M. (2004). The human story. London: Faber and Faber.
Eccles, J. (1989). Evolution of the brain; Creation of the self. London: Routledge.
Falk, D. (1990). Brain evolution in Homo. The ‘radiator theory. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 13, 333–381.
Falk, D. (1992). Braindance: New discoveries about human brain evolution. New York: Henry Holt.
Gamble, C. (1999). The palaeolithic societies of Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Gibson, K. R., & Ingold, T. (Eds). (1993). Tools, language and cognition in human evolution. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Isaac, G. (Ed). (1989). The Archaeology of human origins: Papers by Glynn Isaac. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Langer, S. (1942). Philosophy in a new key. New York: Mentor.
Lewin, R. (1999). Human evolution. London: Blackwell Science.
Mellers, P., & Gibson, K. R. (Eds.). (1996). Modelling the early human mind. Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
Mithen, S. J. (2003). After the ice: A global human history, 20,000–15,000 BC. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson.
Tobias, P. (1987). The brain of Homo habilis: A new level of organization in cerebral evolution. Journal of Human Evolution, 16, 741–761.
Vakovich, D. A. (Ed.). (2013). On orbit and beyond: Psychological perspectives on human spaceflight. London: Springer.
Wynn, T. (1993). Two developments in the mind of early Homo. Journal of Anthropological Archaeology, 12, 299–322.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Baker, D. (2015). Liberty, Freedom and Democracy: Paradox for an Extraterrestrial Society. In: Cockell, C. (eds) The Meaning of Liberty Beyond Earth. Space and Society. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09567-7_15
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-09567-7_15
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-09566-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-09567-7
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)