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Role of Co-management Organizations in Protected Area Governance: Some Observations from the Chunati Wildlife Sanctuary

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Forest conservation in protected areas of Bangladesh

Part of the book series: World Forests ((WFSE,volume 20))

Abstract

The role of co-management in changing paradigms is very much a political process. This new framework can facilitate and enable greater local community engagement and institutional development. The positive outcomes of the co-management practice in Chunati Wildlife Sanctuary, Bangladesh are the primary grounding of the concept that managed to create zeal among stakeholders and the formation of legitimate local institutions. Initial enthusiasm was created with the initial involvement of the community in Co-management Council and Co-management Committee and was regarded as socially uplifting. The principles of participatory governance are also reasonably well reflected in legal and policy frameworks. However, the concept is still facing challenges in ensuring tenure rights, devolution of power, sustainable livelihood and active community participation in governance. Inadequacies in legal and policy frameworks, weak capacity building and livelihood support, a lack of motivation by the Forest Department in owning the concept and rapid expansion without sustainable financial mechanism are the main shortcomings of the governance of PA management. The critical issue raised during interviews with relevant stakeholders was the failure to implement prescriptions and plans developed for the better management of the Sanctuary. Lack of responsibility both from community and PA authorities was significant and the probable reason is the lack of efforts in owning the concept.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Classical approach sees conservation as an isolated process whereby people are excluded and are not allowed to be involved in any kinds of activities within the conservation area.

  2. 2.

    Bangladesh Gazette No. pabama/parisha-4/nishorgo-64/ (part-4)/112 dated August 10, 2006.

  3. 3.

    Bangladesh Gazette No. pabama/parisha-4/nishorgo/105/sting/2006/398 dated November 11, 2009 and Bangladesh Gazette No. pabama/parisha-4/nishorgo-64/ (part-4)/112 dated August 10, 2006.

  4. 4.

    Bangladesh Gazette No. pabama/parisha-4/nishorgo/105/sting/2006/138 dated April 2, 2009.

  5. 5.

    Gazette Notification of the Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh, Ministry of Environment and Forest, No. XII/FOR-1/84/174, 18th March, 1986.

  6. 6.

    Second largest city after capital Dhaka and the biggest port city of Bangladesh.

  7. 7.

    Upazillas are under the jurisdiction of districts. It is the lowest tier of formal government administration.

  8. 8.

    The lowest administrative unit of local government in the rural areas of Bangladesh.

  9. 9.

    Mouzas are the lowest revenue collection unit created during Mughal regime. Currently they are denoted more as social unit than revenue collecting unit. See Banglapedia-National Encyclopaedia of Bangladesh, URL http://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/M_0338.HTM, last accessed on May, 13, 2012.

  10. 10.

    Management Plans for Chunati Wildlife Sanctuary Volume-1 (Nishorgo Support Project, Bangladesh Forest Department, 2006) 12.

  11. 11.

    Muslim educational institution specialized in Arabic language and Islamic studies. It derived from Arabic word darsun meaning lesson. See Banglapedia-National Encyclopaedia of Bangladesh, URL http://www.banglapedia.org/httpdocs/HT/M_0338.HTM, last accessed on May,13, 2012.

  12. 12.

    Site Information Brochure: Chunati Wildlife Sanctuary-Saving Nature for Future Generations, NSP, and USAID.

  13. 13.

    Biotic components are the living things generally exert influence on ecosystem. Here it denotes the impact of human being affecting the ecosystem of the CWS.

  14. 14.

    The cultivation of betel leaf is called veins which are locally known as barouj fenced with forest materials. It is a creeper plant belongs to Piperaceae family.

  15. 15.

    This group of people are backed by political parties directly or indirectly thus hold enormous power to influence government machineries.

  16. 16.

    Rainfall, humidity, aspect, sunshine and soil factors are among the major microclimatic factors. See for details Management Plans for Chunati Wildlife Sanctuary Volume-1, above n 26, 6.

  17. 17.

    Bangladesh Gazette Order No. pabama/parisha-4/nishorgo/105/sting/2006/398.

  18. 18.

    It is the convention on access to information, public participation and access to justice on environmental matters. See for more details http://www.unece.org/fileadmin/DAM/env/pp/documents/cep43e.pdf.

  19. 19.

    See for details Gazette Notification No. pabama/parisha-4/nishorgo/105/sting/2006/398, dated 23 November, 2009.

  20. 20.

    Interview with DP3 (face to face, 8 January 2011).

  21. 21.

    Interview with ED2 (face to face, 15 December 2010).

  22. 22.

    Interview with DP4 (face to face, 21 September 2010).

  23. 23.

    Interview with DP5 (face to face, 26 December 2010).

  24. 24.

    Interview with PA2 (face to face, 21 September 2010).

  25. 25.

    Interview with DP1 (face to face, 3 February 2011).

  26. 26.

    Interview with PA2 (face to face, 8 December 2010).

  27. 27.

    Section 28 and 28A of the Forest Act 1927 (amended up to 2000). See Rahman, above n 45, 18.

  28. 28.

    Interview with PA3 (face to face, 21 December 2010).

  29. 29.

    Interview with PA4 (face to face 10 October 2011).

  30. 30.

    Borrini-Feyerabend et al., above n 95, 357.

  31. 31.

    Interview with PA6 (face to face, 26 October 2010).

  32. 32.

    Interview with PA7 (face to face, 24 October 2010).

  33. 33.

    Interview with PA8 (face to face, 9 December 2010).

  34. 34.

    Interview with DP6 (face to face, 12 October 2010).

  35. 35.

    Interview with DP3 (face to face, 8 January 2011).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Forestry and Environmental Science, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh

    A. Z. M. Manzoor Rashid

  2. Department of Development Studies, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh

    Niaz Ahmed Khan

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  1. A. Z. M. Manzoor Rashid
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  2. Niaz Ahmed Khan
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Correspondence to A. Z. M. Manzoor Rashid .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Wildlife Ecology Laboratory,Faculty of Agriculture, Shinshu University, Institute of Mountain Science, Nagano-Ken, Japan

    Mohammad Shaheed Hossain Chowdhury

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Manzoor Rashid, A.Z.M., Khan, N.A. (2014). Role of Co-management Organizations in Protected Area Governance: Some Observations from the Chunati Wildlife Sanctuary. In: Chowdhury, M. (eds) Forest conservation in protected areas of Bangladesh. World Forests, vol 20. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08147-2_9

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