Abstract
The paper describes an eye-tracking study focused on evaluation of 2D and 3D visualization techniques in cartography. Three-dimensional visualization is used by an increasing number of visualization applications and systems. However, there is still too little known about when it is appropriate to do so, and how 3D can be used in visualization most efficiently. The case study contained maps of the cities, where 3D effect was illustrated by 3D buildings. Eye-tracking study was performed to compare user perception of these two types of visualization in maps of the cities. SMI RED 250 eye-tracker with sample frequency of 120 Hz was used in the study. Set of static image stimuli was used for the experiment. Study was performed in within-subject design. For the avoidance of the learning effect, stimuli were modified a bit. Point symbols are placed in different locations, but their number is the same for each pair of stimuli. For evaluation of results, statistical analyses of selected eye-tracking metrics were used, as well as the visual analytics of eye-tracking data. Eye-tracking experiment was enhanced with a questionnaire, examining the respondent’s subjective opinions about each visualization technique. It was found, that 3D effect in city maps without tilt has no influence on map reading. Searching for point symbols was not different between maps with and without 3D effect.
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Popelka, S., Doležalová, J. (2015). Non-photorealistic 3D Visualization in City Maps: An Eye-Tracking Study. In: Brus, J., Vondrakova, A., Vozenilek, V. (eds) Modern Trends in Cartography. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07926-4_27
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07926-4_27
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