Abstract
In living tissue, there exists a reciprocal relationship between mechanical properties and function. That is, properties affect function, and function can affect properties by means of adaptation. Thus, knowledge of mechanical properties leads directly to knowledge of function. Dynamic instrumented indentation provides a way to measure the mechanical properties of soft biological tissue that is relevant, localized, and accurate.
In this work, we measured the complex shear modulus of bovine muscle tissue, submerged in saline at bovine body temperature (38 °C). The muscle tissue was significantly stiffer in the direction of the grain (G′ = 24.4 ± 13.9 kPa) than perpendicular to it (G′ = 11.4 ± 2.9 kPa). This was expected, because the muscle tissue naturally acts in the direction of the grain to alternately exert and relax force. The loss factor was highly consistent and independent of testing direction: tan δ = 0.34 ± 0.035. These results were consistent with what others have measured for muscle tissue using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA).
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Notes
- 1.
The analogous problem for contact damping was also handled, but is not presented here for the sake of simplicity.
- 2.
In order to allow the samples to be submerged during testing, we used washers to build a “well” on the sample base plate for the hot-stage. Two washers, built up from the base plate with JB Weld SteelStick, provided sufficient depth (8 mm).
- 3.
The present testing was done at 10 Hz, but any frequency may be prescribed in the range of 1–200 Hz.
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Acknowledgements
This work was funded in part by the Bulgarian Ministry of Education, Youth and Science, Human Resources Development Operational Program, Project BG051PO001/3.3-05-0001 “Science and Business”.
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© 2015 The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc.
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Hay, J., Cherneva, S. (2015). In Vitro Complex Shear Modulus of Bovine Muscle Tissue. In: Barthelat, F., Korach, C., Zavattieri, P., Prorok, B., Grande-Allen, K. (eds) Mechanics of Biological Systems and Materials, Volume 7. Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06974-6_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06974-6_1
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