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In-situ Structure Characterization of Elastomers during Deformation and Fracture

Part of the book series: Springer Theses ((Springer Theses))

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Abstract

This chapter presents the major findings of the thesis. The results are presented in greater detail than in the original journal publications. The chapter includes crystallization under quasistatic tension, strain amplification in filled rubbers, and crack tip scans under static as well as dynamic conditions. A special emphasis is put on the kinetics of the strain-induced crystallization in natural rubber, obtained by strain-jump experiments, resolving the crystallization kinetics at unrivalled timescales in the millisecond range. The finite kinetics are reflected in the crystallization under dynamic cyclic load and are shown to affect the mechanical and tearing performance of rubbers at high frequencies, which usually occur in tires. A novel approach is used to quantify the filler orientation under strain, using WAXD and USAXS, coupled with an analytical model. SEM observations of local processes in the crack propagation zone with unprecedented magnification are presented and given new insight into the deformation mechanisms on the ?m-scale.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    During sample preparation, the notched samples were manually torn to propagate the crack a little bit and to convert the notch tip into a sharp crack tip.

  2. 2.

    For the sake of brevity, the crystallinity after the nucleation step is termed initial crystallinity in the following. It is a fitting parameter, but closely resembles the first measured crystallinity values for \(t\rightarrow 0\). Thus its determination presumably depends on the time resolution of the experiment.

  3. 3.

    An attempt was made to quantify the orientation of the carbon black aggregates (Sect. A.3).

  4. 4.

    A self-written software asks the user to click at the characteristic position in the image and then loads the next image (displaying the previous one for better orientation in a separate window). After the last image, the relative displacement vectors between certain characteristic features are computed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden, Department of Mechanics and Structure, Dresden, Germany

    Karsten Brüning

  2. Institut für Werkstoffwissenschaft, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

    Karsten Brüning

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  1. Karsten Brüning
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Brüning, K. (2014). Results. In: In-situ Structure Characterization of Elastomers during Deformation and Fracture. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06907-4_4

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