Abstract
Estuaries provide numerous goods and services needed for human development and socioeconomic sustenance, housing about 60 % of the world’s population with highly fragile natural endowment of luxuriant diverse ecological types. A beneficial link through long-term biodiversity conservation with local, social, and economic development in estuaries therefore remains a well-planned ecotourism development. Such development is necessary since disturbance of the dynamic ‘steady state’ of estuaries may result in total modification of their morphology or losing entire ecosystems. This study examines the shoreline morphology of the Niger Delta and major estuaries for better understanding of the natural forcing within the estuary systems and their potential for ecotourism development planning and management beyond the twenty-first century.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Abam TKS (1999) Impact of dams on the hydrology of the Niger Delta. Bull Eng Geol Environ 57(3):239–251
Abam TKS (2001) Regional hydrological research perspectives in the Niger Delta. Hydrol Sci 46(1):13–25
Antia VI, Emeka NC, Ntekim EEU, Amah AE ( 2012) Grain size distribution and flow measurements in qua-Iboe river estuary and calabar tidal river S. E. Nigeria. Eur J Sci Res 67(2):223–239
Asuquo FE (1998) Physicochemical characteristics and anthropogenic pollution of the surface water of Calabar River, Nigeria. Glob J Pure Appl Sci 5:595–600
Awosika LF, Dublin-Green CO, Folorunsho R, (2000) Study of main drainage channels of Victoria and Ikoyi Islands in Lagos Nigeria and their response to tidal and sea level changes. A report for the Coast and Small Island (CSI) Division UNESCO Paris, p 108
Boo E (1990). Ecotourism: the potentials and pitfalls. World Wildlife Fund:Washington, DC
Braide SA, Izonfuo WAL, Adiukwu PU, Chindah AC Obunwo CC (2004) Water quality of miniweja stream a swamp forest stream receiving non-point source waste discharges in Eastern Niger Delta, Nigeria. Scientia Africana, 3(1):1–8
Dagana LB (1985) Hydro geomorphological controls of the mangrove environment in parts of the Rivers State. In: Wilcox BHR and Powell CB (eds) Proceedings of the mangrove ecosystem of the Niger Delta workshop, pp 6–23
Dalrymple RW, Zaitlin BA, Boyd R (1992) Estuarine facies models: conceptual basis and stratigraphic implications. J Sediment Petrol 62:1130–1146
Defra (2002) Future coast. Halcrow, Defra CD-Rom, vol 3
Dyer KR (1997) Estuaries: a physical introduction, 2nd edn. Wiley, Chichester, pp 1–195
Enyenihi UK (1991) The cross River Basin: soil characteristics, geology, climate, hydrology and pollution. International workshop on methodology and quantitative assessment of pollution load of coastal environment (FAO/ UNAP/IOC/WHO), pp 1–17
Essien JP, Itah AY, Edwok SI (2003) Influence of electrical conductivity on microorganisms and rate of crude oil mineralization in Niger Delta ultisol. Global J Pure Appl Sci 9:199–203
Fairbridge RW, (1980) The estuary: its definition and geodynamic cycle. In: Olausson E and Cato I (eds) Chemistry and biogeochemistry of estuaries. Wiley, Chichester, pp 1–35
French P (2006) Managed realignment––the developing story of a comparatively new approach to soft engineering. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 67(3):409–423
Hawkins DE, Mann S (2007) The World Bank’s role in tourism development. Ann Tourism Res 34(2):348–363
Herath G (2002) Research methodologies for planning eco-tourism and nature conservation. Tourism Econ. 8:77–101
Hume TM, Herdendorf CE (1988) A geomorphic classification of estuaries and its application to coastal resource management—a New Zealand example. Ocean Shoreline Manage 11:249–274
Hayes MO (1975) Morphology of sand accumulation in estuaries: an introduction to the symposium. In: Cronin LE (Ed) Estuarine Research vol II Academic Press, New York, pp 3–22
Irving EG (1962) Bonny River entrance (admiralty chart, 3287). The Admiralty, London, p 249
Milliman RE (1991) An experiment designed to maximize the profitability of customer directed post-transaction communications. J Tech Writ Commun (Fall) pp 22–26
Moelry CL (1990) What is tourism? definitions, concept and characteristics. J Tourism Stud 1(1):3–8
Mowforth M, Munt I (2009) Tourism and sustainability: development and new tourism in the Third World, 3rd edn. Routledge, Oxford
NEDECO (1961) The waters of the Niger Delta: Reports of an investigation by NEDECO (Netherlands Engineering consultants). The Hague, pp 1–317
Nwilo PC and Onuoha A (1993). Environmental impact of human activities on the coastal areas of Nigeria. In: Awosika LF, Ibe AC and Schroader P (eds) Coastlines of Western Africa, ASCE, pp 222–233
Ogba CO, Utang PB (2010) Geospatial evaluation of Niger Delta coastal susceptibility to climate change (4039), FIG congress 2010, facing the challenges—Building the Capacity, Sydney, Australia, 11–16 April 2010
Pethick J (1994) Estuaries and wetlands: function and form. Wetland Manage, Thomas Telford, London, pp 75–87
Pritchard DW (1967) What is an estuary: physical view point. In: Lauff GH (ed) Estuaries. American Association for the Advancement of Science, Washington DC, pp 3–5
Scott JS (1966) Report on the fisheries of the Niger Delta special area. Port Harcourt, Niger Delta Development Board, p 109
Seminara G, Zolezzi G, Tubino M, Zanardi D (2001) Downstream and upstream influence in river meandering. Part two planimetric development. J Fluid Mech 438:213–230
Sexton WJ, Murday M (1994) The morphology and sediment character of the coastline of Nigeria-the Niger Delta. J Coast Res 10(4):959–977 Fort Lauderdale (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208
Shapley R. (2002) Tourism: a vehicle for development? In: Sharpley R and Telfer DJ (eds) Tourism and development: concept and issues. Aspects of Tourism Series 5, pp 11–34
Ukpolo UA, Emeke EE, Dimlayi C (2008) Understanding tourism. Nsukka University Press, Nsukka, pp 1–47
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Adeaga, O. (2014). Morphology Analysis of Niger Delta Shoreline and Estuaries for Ecotourism Potential in Nigeria. In: Diop, S., Barusseau, JP., Descamps, C. (eds) The Land/Ocean Interactions in the Coastal Zone of West and Central Africa. Estuaries of the World. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06388-1_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06388-1_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-06387-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-06388-1
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)