Abstract
A Hamiltonian treatment of gravitationally interacting spinning black holes is presented based on a tetrad generalization of the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner (ADM) canonical formalism of general relativity. The formalism is valid through linear order in the single spins. For binary systems, higher-order post-Newtonian Hamiltonians are given in explicit analytic forms. A next-to-leading order in spin generalization is presented, others are mentioned. Comparisons between the Hamiltonian formalisms by ADM, Dirac, and Schwinger are made.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Dirac, P.A.M.: The theory of gravitation in Hamiltonian form. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A 246, 333 (1958). doi:10.1098/rspa.1958.0142
Dirac, P.A.M.: Fixation of coordinates in the hamiltonian theory of gravitation. Phys. Rev. 114, 924 (1959). doi:10.1103/PhysRev. 114.924
Dirac, P.A.M.: Energy of the gravitational field. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2, 368 (1959). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett. 2.368
Arnowitt, R., Deser, S.: Quantum theory of gravitation: general formulation and linearized theory. Phys. Rev. 113, 745 (1959). doi:10.1103/PhysRev. 113.745
Arnowitt, R., Deser, S., Misner, C.M.: Canonical variables in general relativity. Phys. Rev. 117, 1959 (1960). doi:10.1103/PhysRev. 117.1595
Arnowitt, R., Deser, S., Misner, C.M.: Consistency of the canonical reduction of general relativity. J. Math. Phys. 1, 434 (1960). doi:10.1063/1.1703677
Arnowitt, R., Deser, S., Misner, C.W.: The dynamics of general relativity. In: Witten L. (ed.) Gravitation: An Introduction to Current Research, pp. 227–265. Wiley, New York (1962). doi:10.1007/s10714-008-0661-1
Schwinger, J.: Quantized gravitational field. Phys. Rev. 130, 1253 (1963)
Regge, T., Teitelboim, C.: Role of surface integrals in the hamiltonian formulation of general relativity. Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 88, 286 (1974). doi:10.1016/0003-4916(74)90404-7
Wheeler, J.A.: Geometrodynamics and the issue of the final state. In: DeWitt, C., DeWitt, B.S. (eds.) Relativity, Groups, and Topology, pp. 315–520. Gordon and Breach, New York (1964)
DeWitt, B.S.: Quantum theory of gravity. I. The canonical theory. Phys. Rev. 160, 1113 (1967). doi:10.1103/PhysRev. 160.1113
Kimura, T.: Fixation of physical space-time coordinates and equation of motion of two-body problem. Prog. Theor. Phys. 26, 157 (1961). doi:10.1143/PTP.26.157
Kibble, T.W.B.: Canonical variables for the interacting gravitational and Dirac fields. J. Math. Phys. 4, 1433 (1963). doi:10.1063/1.1703923
Nelson, J.E., Teitelboim, C.: Hamiltonian formulation of the theory of interacting gravitational and electron fields. Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 116, 86 (1978). doi:10.1016/0003-4916(78)90005-2
Dirac, P.A.M.: Interacting gravitational and spinor fields. In: Recent Developments in General Relativity, pp. 191–207. Pergamon Press, Oxford (1962)
Schäfer, G.: The gravitational quadrupole radiation-reaction force and the canonical formalism of ADM. Ann. Phys. (N.Y.) 161, 81 (1985). doi:10.1016/0003-4916(85)90337-9
Ohta, T., Okamura, H., Kimura, T., Hiida, K.: Coordinate condition and higher order gravitational potential in canonical formalism. Prog. Theor. Phys. 51, 1598 (1974). doi:10.1143/PTP.51.1598
Damour, T., Schäfer, G.: Lagrangians for \(n\) point masses at the second post-Newtonian approximation of general relativity. Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 17, 879 (1985). doi: 10.1007/BF00773685
Damour, T., Jaranowski, P., Schäfer, G.: Dimensional regularization of the gravita- tional interaction of point masses. Phys. Lett. B 513, 147 (2001). doi:10.1016/S0370-2693(01)00642-6
Jaranowski, P., Schäfer, G.: Radiative 3.5 post-Newtonian ADM Hamiltonian for many-body point-mass systems. Phys. Rev. D 55, 4712 (1997). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.55.4712
Schäfer, G.: The ADM Hamiltonian at the postlinear approximation. Gen. Relativ. Gravit. 18, 255 (1986). doi:10.1007/BF00765886
Ledvinka, T., Schäfer, G., Bičák, J.: Relativistic closed-form Hamiltonian for many-body gravitating systems in the post-Minkowskian approximation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 100, 251101 (2008). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett. 100.251101
Damour, T.: Coalescence of two spinning black holes: an effective one-body approach. Phys. Rev. D 64, 124013 (2001). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.64.124013
Damour, T., Jaranowski, P., Schäfer, G.: Hamiltonian of two spinning compact bodies with next-to-leading order gravitational spin-orbit coupling. Phys. Rev. D 77, 064032 (2008). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.77.064032
Hartung, J., Steinhoff, J.: Next-to-leading order spin-orbit and spin(a)-spin(b) Hamiltonians for n gravitating spinning compact objects. Phys. Rev. D 83, 044008 (2011). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.83.044008
Hartung, J., Steinhoff, J.: Next-to-next-to-leading order post-Newtonian spin-orbit Hamiltonian for self-gravitating binaries. Ann. Phys. (Berlin) 523, 783 (2011). doi:10.1002/andp.201100094
Steinhoff, J., Wang, H.: Canonical formulation of gravitating spinning objects at 3.5 post-Newtonian order. Phys. Rev. D 81, 024022 (2010). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.81.024022
Steinhoff, J., Hergt, S., Schäfer, G.: The next-to-leading order gravitational spin(1)-spin(2) dynamics in Hamiltonian form. Phys. Rev. D 77, 081501 (2008). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.77.081501
Hartung, J., Steinhoff, J.: Next-to-next-to-leading order post-Newtonian spin(1)-spin(2) Hamiltonian for self-gravitating binaries. Ann. Phys. (Berlin) 523, 919 (2011). doi:10.1002/andp.201100163
Wang, H., Steinhoff, J., Zeng, J., Schäfer, G.: Leading-order spin-orbit and spin(1)-spin(2) radiation-reaction Hamiltonians. Phys. Rev. D 84, 124005 (2011). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.84.124005
Steinhoff, J., Hergt, S., Schäfer, G.: Spin-squared Hamiltonian of next-to-leading order gravitational interaction. Phys. Rev. D 78, 101503 (2008). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.78.101503
Hergt, S., Schäfer, G.: Higher-order-in-spin interaction Hamiltonians for binary black holes from source terms of the Kerr geometry in approximate ADM coordinates. Phys. Rev. D 77, 104001 (2008). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.77.104001
Barausse, E., Racine, E., Buonanno, A.: Hamiltonian of a spinning test particle in curved spacetime. Phys. Rev. D 80, 104025 (2009). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.80.104025
Brill, D.R., Lindquist, R.W.: Interation energy in geometrostatics. Phys. Rev. 131, 471 (1963). doi:10.1103/PhysRev. 131.471
Jaranowski, P., Schäfer, G.: Lapse function for maximally sliced Brill-Lindquist initial data. Phys. Rev. D 65, 127501 (2002). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.65.127501
Steinhoff, J., Schäfer, G.: Canonical formulation of self-gravitating spinning-object systems. Europhys. Lett. 87, 50004 (2009). doi:10.1209/0295-5075/87/50004
Deser, S., Isham, C.J.: Canonical vierbein form of general relativity. Phys. Rev. D 14, 2505 (1976). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.14.2505
Goldberger, W.D., Rothstein, I.Z.: An effective field theory of gravity for extended objects. Phys. Rev. D 73, 104029 (2006). doi:10.1103/PhysRevD.73.104029
Acknowledgments
The author thanks Stanley Deser for useful discussions.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schäfer, G. (2014). Hamiltonian Formalism for Spinning Black Holes in General Relativity. In: Bičák, J., Ledvinka, T. (eds) General Relativity, Cosmology and Astrophysics. Fundamental Theories of Physics, vol 177. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06349-2_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06349-2_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-06348-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-06349-2
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)