Abstract
Application of LCCA in the real world is far from perfect. Often its application is limited to specific phases of the life cycle and does not include the environmental aspects. In the case of infrastructure projects, only positive environmental impacts are valued and incorporated as benefits. It is rare to find an all-inclusive study that combines all the cost parameters, energy use and implication on the life-cycle performance. Project selection, however, requires an integrated evaluation of an energy-saving infrastructure. For instance, the life-cycle analysis of energy-efficient buildings accounts for energy savings when compared with other alternatives. At the same time, it may not include the benefits from the savings or mitigating the impacts of greenhouse gases. In most cases, LCCA is adopted in infrastructure projects mainly to identify and chose the least cost or cost-effective project from the available alternatives.
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- 1.
Whitestone Research and Building Maintenance and Repair Cost Reference are used for these costs.
- 2.
NIST’s BEES software is used to compute the life-cycle costs for the building design alternatives.
- 3.
Probability of failure obtained from Infrastructure Department.
- 4.
IPCC (2007) 100-year global warming potentials were used to calculate GHG equivalents.
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Reddy, V.R., Kurian, M., Ardakanian, R. (2015). LCCA Applications in Infrastructure and Other Projects: Some Case Studies. In: Life-cycle Cost Approach for Management of Environmental Resources. SpringerBriefs in Environmental Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06287-7_3
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