Abstract
When the particles in a suspension have sizes in the range from 10 nm to 1 \(\upmu \)m, they become liable to the effects of thermal agitation by the molecules of the interstitial liquid, and at the same time, they can interact at distances of the same order as their own size, through various kinds of attractive and repulsive forces. These colloidal effects can play a major role in the mechanical behaviour of the mixture. The sum total of all the interactions between particles may assume a more or less complex form, but there are nevertheless two main classes of system: those for which the balance of forces between the particles is essentially repulsive, and those for which it is essentially attractive. Rheophysical arguments can explain the origin of the largely non-Newtonian mechanical behaviour of these two types of system when the effects of colloidal interactions are predominant.
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Notes
- 1.
Note that
$$ \left\langle \frac{\mathrm{d}f}{\mathrm{d}t}\right\rangle = \int p(r)\frac{\mathrm{d}f}{\mathrm{d}t}\mathrm{d}^3\mathbf {r} = \frac{\mathrm{d}}{\mathrm{d}t}\left[ \int p(r)f\mathrm{d}^3\mathbf {r}\right] = \frac{\mathrm{d}\langle f\rangle }{\mathrm{d}t}\;. $$ - 2.
\(\delta \) is a function defined by the properties \(\delta (x\ne 1)=0\) and \(\int \delta (x)\mathrm{d}x=1\).
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Further Readings
Coussot, P.: Rheometry of Pastes. Suspensions and Granular Materials. Wiley, New York (2005)
Daoud, M., Williams, C. (eds.): Soft Matter Physics. Springer, Berlin (1999)
Everett, D.H.: Basic Principles of Colloid Science. Royal Society of Chemistry Paperbacks, London (1988)
Israelachvili, J.: Intermolecular and Surface Forces, 2nd edn. Academic Press, London (1991)
Jones, R.A.L.: Soft Condensed Matter. Oxford University Press, Oxford (2002)
Mewis, J., Wagner, N.J.: Colloidal Suspension Rheology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2011)
Oswald, P.: Rheophysics: The Deformation of Flow and Matter. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2009)
Russel, W.B., Saville, D.A., Schowalter, W.R.: Colloidal Dispersions. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1989)
Shaw, D.J.: Introduction to Colloid and Surface Chemistry, 3rd edn. Butterworths, London (1986)
Tabor, D.: Gases, Liquids and Solids, 3rd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1991)
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Coussot, P. (2014). Colloids. In: Rheophysics. Soft and Biological Matter. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06148-1_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06148-1_5
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