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The Biology of Aging: Role in Cancer, Metabolic Dysfunction, and Health Disparities

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Book cover Impact of Energy Balance on Cancer Disparities

Part of the book series: Energy Balance and Cancer ((EBAC,volume 9))

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Abstract

Aging is the primary cause of the majority of chronic diseases and disabling conditions. However, some individuals depart from the recognized patterns. Certain “at-risk” or “frail” individuals demonstrate premature aging, with increased cellular senescence, inflammation, early onset of diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer, and reductions in the ability to perform activities of daily living; whereas other “protected” or “fit” individuals appear to undergo a protracted period of health despite increasing years, remaining physically active senior citizens without chronic pain, disability, or frailty. Significant effort is being expended to understand this spectrum of aging phenotypes, with the goal of identifying the most important interventions or preventive steps that will preserve a “healthy aging” that maximizes lifespan without pain and chronic problems. We discuss health disparities that influence unhealthy aging, with a focus on interacting mechanisms in cancer, inflammation, and obesity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the National Institutes of Health for support with grants from the National Institute on Aging (AG041122—N.K.L. and AG037574—D.M.H.), the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK090455—G.V.D.), and the National Cancer Institute (CA182898—G.V.D.); the Glenn Foundation for Medical Research (N.K.L.); the Prevent Cancer Foundation (D.M.H.); the Einstein Nathan Shock Center Healthy Aging Physiology Core (P30AG038072—D.M.H.); the Diabetes Research and Training Center (DK20541—D.M.H.) at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine; and the American Cancer Society (RSG0507201—G.V.D.). N.K.L. is a Principal Investigator at the Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging at the Mayo Clinic. D.M.H. and G.V.D. are Chair and Chair-Elect, respectively, of the Obesity and Cancer Section of The Obesity Society. The authors report no conflicts of interest.

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  1. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA

    Nathan K. LeBrasseur

  2. Institute for Aging Research, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Forchheimer Building, Room 236, Bronx, NY, 10461, USA

    Derek M. Huffman

  3. Cancer Research Center and Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, 72 East Concord Street, K520, Boston, MA, 02118, USA

    Gerald V. Denis

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  1. Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Deborah J. Bowen

  2. Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

    Gerald V. Denis

  3. Center for Science, Health & Society, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Nathan A. Berger

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LeBrasseur, N.K., Huffman, D.M., Denis, G.V. (2014). The Biology of Aging: Role in Cancer, Metabolic Dysfunction, and Health Disparities. In: Bowen, D., Denis, G., Berger, N. (eds) Impact of Energy Balance on Cancer Disparities. Energy Balance and Cancer, vol 9. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06103-0_5

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