Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Ruptured/Bleeding Ovarian Cysts/Tumors

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Acute Abdomen During Pregnancy

  • 2013 Accesses

Abstract

Follicular and corpus luteum cysts of the ovary are functional cysts and benign growths of the ovary. A follicular cyst arises from a normal follicle that fails to undergo ovulation or does not undergo the normal atretic process. It is usually clear and fluid filled. Corpus luteum cysts are less common than follicular cysts but are more associated with clinical symptoms. Ovarian cysts are not commonly found in pregnancy. Eiss, in 1930, reports a case of bilateral tumors, each of which ruptured in pregnancy. Their frequency varies with reports of different series. In Sloane Hospital (1931), the incidence was 1/500 pregnancies; in the University of California Hospital, 1/1,500, and in McKerron’s compilations (1903), it was 1/2,500 pregnancies [1]. The tumors are thought to occur more often in nonpregnant women of the same relative age for which reason some believe they interfere with conception. Most of the cysts are small; they may or may not grow rapidly during pregnancy.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. McKerron RG. Pregnancy, labour and child-bed with ovarian tumour. London: Rebman Limited; 1903.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Hermans RHM, Fischer DC, van der Putten HWHM, et al. Adnexal masses in pregnancy. Onkologie. 2003;26:167–72.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Goffinet F. Ovarian cysts and pregnancy. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod. 2001;30 Suppl 1:S100–8.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Zanetta G, Mariani E, Lissoni A, et al. A prospective study of the role of ultrasound in the management of adnexal masses in pregnancy. Br J Obstet Gynecol. 2003;110:578–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Condous G, Khalid A, Okaro E, Bourne T. Should we be examining the ovaries in pregnancy? Prevalence and natural history of adnexal pathology detected at first-trimester sonography. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2004;24:62–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Borgfeldt C, Andolf E. Transvaginal sonographic ovarian findings in a random sample of women 25–40 years old. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 1999;13:345–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Huang PH, Tsai KB, Tsai EM, Su JH. Hemorrhagic corpus luteum cyst torsion in term pregnancy: a case report. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 2003;19:75–8.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Bider D, Mashiach S, Dulitzky M, et al. Clinical, surgical and pathologic findings of adnexal torsion in pregnant and nonpregnant women. Surg Gynecol Obstet. 1991;173:363–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Hibbard LT. Corpus luteum surgery. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1979;135:666.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Hallatt JG, Steele Jr CH, Snyder M. Ruptured corpus luteum with hemoperitoneum: a study of 173 surgical cases. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1984;149:5–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Bree RL, Edwards M, Bohm VM, et al. Transvaginal sonography in the evaluation of normal early pregnancy with hCG level. Am J Roentgenol. 1989;53:75–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Yoffe N, Bronshtein M, Brandes J, et al. Hemorrhagic ovarian cyst detection by transvaginal sonography: the great imitator. Gynecol Endocrinol. 1991;5:123–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Baltarowich OH, Kurtz AB, Pasto ME, et al. The spectrum of sonographic findings in hemorrhagic ovarian cysts. Am J Roentgenol. 1987;148:901–5.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Hertzberg BS, Kliewer MA, Bowie JD. Adnexal ring sign and hemoperitoneum caused by hemorrhagic ovarian cyst: pitfall in the sonographic diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy. Am J Roentgenol. 1999;173:1301–2.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Platek DN, Henderson CE, Goldberg GL. The management of a persistent adnexal mass in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1996;173:1236–40.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Hess LW, Peaceman A, O’Brien WF, et al. Adnexal mass occurring with intrauterine pregnancy: report of fifty-four patients requiring laparotomy for definitive management. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1988;158:1029–34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Agarwal N, Parul, Kriplani A, et al. Management and outcome of pregnancies complicated with adnexal masses. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2003;267:148–52.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Crispens MA. Borderline ovarian tumours: a review of the literature. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2003;15:39–43.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Timmerman D, Schwarzler P, Collins WP, et al. Subjective assessment of adnexal masses with the use of ultrasonography: an analysis of interobserver variability and experience. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 1999;13:11–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Caspi B, Ben-Arie A, Appelman Z, et al. Aspiration of simple pelvic cysts during pregnancy. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 2000;49:102–5.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Caspi B, Zalel Y, Lurie S, et al. Ultrasound-guided aspiration for pain relief generated by simple ovarian cysts. Gynecol Obstet Invest. 1993;35:121–2.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Teng SW, Tseng JY, Chang CK, et al. Comparison of laparoscopy and laparotomy in managing hemodynamically stable patients with ruptured corpus luteum with hemoperitoneum. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc. 2003;10:474–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Yamada T, Okamoto Y, Kasamatsu H, et al. Intraoperative autologous blood transfusion for hemoperitoneum resulting from ectopic pregnancy or ovarian bleeding during laparoscopic surgery. JSLS. 2003;7:97–100.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Takeda A, Manabe S, Hosono S, et al. Laparoscopic surgery in 12 cases of adnexal disease occurring in girls aged 15 years or younger. J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2005;12:234–40.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Takeda A, Manabe S, Mitsui T, et al. Laparoscopic management of mature cystic teratoma of bilateral ovaries with adnexal torsion occurring in a 9-year-old premenarchal girl. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2006;19:403–6.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Nezhat F, Nezhat C, Silfen SL, Fehnel SH. Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy during pregnancy. J Laparoendosc Surg. 1991;1:161–4.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Howard FM, Vill M. Laparoscopic adnexal surgery during pregnancy. J Am Assoc Gynecol Laparosc. 1994;2:91–3.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Graham G, Baxi L, Tharakan T. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy during pregnancy: a case series and review of the literature. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1998;53:566–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Pittaway DE, Takacs P, Bauguess P. Laparoscopic adnexectomy: a comparison with laparotomy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1994;17:385–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Yuen PM, Chang AM. Laparoscopic management of adnexal mass during pregnancy. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 1997;76:173–6.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Mendilcioglu I, Zorlu CG, Trak B, et al. Laparoscopic management of adnexal masses. Safety and effectiveness. J Reprod Med. 2002;47:36–40.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Rizzo AG. Laparoscopic surgery in pregnancy: long term follow-up. J Laparoendosc Adv Surg Tech A. 2003;13:11–5.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Lynch FW. Fibroids and ovarian cysts complicating pregnancy. Cal West Med. 1931;35:415–20.

    CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Hodgkins CP, Christiansen RS. Hemorrhage from ruptured utero-ovarian veins during pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1950;59:1112–6.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Peterson WF, Prevost EC, Edmunds FT, et al. Benign cystic teratomas of the ovary. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1955;70:368–82.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Comerci Jr JT, Licciardi F, Bergh PA, et al. Mature cystic teratoma: a clinicopathologic evaluation of 517 cases and review of the literature. Obstet Gynecol. 1994;84:22–8.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Suprasert P, Khunamornpong S, Siriaunkgul S, et al. Ruptured mature cystic teratomas mimicking advanced stage ovarian cancer: a report of 2 cases study. J Med Assoc Thai. 2004;87:1522–5.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Jubb ED. Primary carcinoma in pregnancy. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1963;85:345–54.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Palmer J, Vatish M, Tidya J. Epithelial ovarian cancer in pregnancy: a review of the literature. Br J Obstet Gynecol. 2009;116:480–91.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Novak ER, Lambrou CD, Woodruff JD. Ovarian tumors in pregnancy. An ovarian tumor registry review. Obstet Gynecol. 1975;46:401–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Beischer NA, Buttery BW, Fortune DW. Growth and malignancy of ovarian tumours in pregnancy. Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol. 1971;11:208–20.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Creasman WT, Rutledge F, Smith JP. Carcinoma of the ovary associated with pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol. 1971;38:111–6.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Dobashi M, Isonishi S, Morikawa A, et al. Ovarian cancer complicated by pregnancy: analysis of 10 cases. Oncol Lett. 2012;3:577–80.

    PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Stuart GC, Smith JP. Ruptured benign cystic teratomas mimicking gynecologic malignancy. Gynecol Oncol. 1983;16:139–43.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Phupong V, Sueblinvong T, Triratanachat S. Ovarian teratoma with diffused peritoneal reactions mimicking advanced ovarian malignancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2004;270:189–91.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Clement D, Barranger E, Benchimol Y, Uzan S. Chemical peritonitis: a rare complication of an iatrogenic ovarian dermoid cyst rupture. Surg Endosc. 2003;17:658.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Achtari C, Genolet PM, Bouzourene H, De Grandi P. Chemical peritonitis after iatrogenic rupture of a dermoid cyst of the ovary treated by coelioscopy. Apropos of a case and review of the literature. Gynakol Geburtshilfliche Rundsch. 1998;38:146–50.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Kocak M, Dilbaz B, Ozturk N, et al. Laparoscopic management of ovarian dermoid cysts: a review of 47 cases. Ann Saudi Med. 2004;24:357–60.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Ronnett BM, Seidman JD. Mucinous tumors arising in ovarian mature cystic teratomas: relationship to the clinical syndrome of pseudomyxomaperitonei. Am J Surg Pathol. 2003;27:650–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

    Goran Augustin MD, PhD

  2. School of Medicine University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia

    Goran Augustin MD, PhD

Authors
  1. Goran Augustin MD, PhD
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Augustin, G. (2014). Ruptured/Bleeding Ovarian Cysts/Tumors. In: Acute Abdomen During Pregnancy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05422-3_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05422-3_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-05421-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-05422-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation