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Multiscale Modeling of Sickle Cell Anemia

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Modeling the Heart and the Circulatory System

Part of the book series: MS&A ((MS&A,volume 14))

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Abstract

Sickle cell anemia (SCA) is a genetic inherited hematological disorder mainly characterized by three biophysical hallmarks: heterogeneous cell morphology, abnormal rheology and vaso-occlusion crisis. The major challenge for numerical investigation of this disease is to model the dynamic processes over the wide range of length scales incorporated (sickle hemoglobin (HbS) polymerization to vaso-occlusion). In this chapter, we present a multi-scale computational framework of sickle red blood cell (SS-RBC), based on dissipative particle dynamics, to investigate the above three hallmarks. We first predict the heterogeneous SS-RBC morphological transition by coupling a RBC model with a stochastic coarse-grained model representing the intracellular HbS polymerization. We then quantify the abnormal rheology and hemodynamics of SS-RBC suspensions with a multi-scale SS-RBC model accounting for heterogeneous cell rigidity and the previously predicted cell morphologies. Finally, we employ the present model to quantify the mechanism of vaso-occlusion crisis associate with SCA. The heterogeneous cell adhesivity among the different cell groups and their specific contribution to occlusion crisis, as well as the role of inflammation-stimulated leukocyte are discussed.

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  1. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA

    Huan Lei

  2. Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA

    George Em Karniadakis

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  1. Huan Lei
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  2. George Em Karniadakis
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  1. École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland

    Alfio Quarteroni

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Lei, H., Karniadakis, G.E. (2015). Multiscale Modeling of Sickle Cell Anemia. In: Quarteroni, A. (eds) Modeling the Heart and the Circulatory System. MS&A, vol 14. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-05230-4_5

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