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Abundance and Diversity of Microbiota

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The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota

Abstract

There are no natural germ-free animals or plants. All are holobionts and contain associated microorganisms, including viruses. Moreover, as we have shown in the previous chapter, eukaryotic organisms have evolved together with microorganisms from the beginning. The hologenome concept emphasizes the importance not only of the intracellular symbionts but also and especially of the cooperation that takes place between all of the diverse and dynamic extracellular microbial symbionts that is present in all the animal and plant holobionts.

Mutually beneficial relationships between microbes and animals are a pervasive feature of life on our microbe-dominated planet. We are no exception: the total number of microbes that colonize our body surfaces exceeds our total number of somatic and germ cells by 10-fold, and the total number of microbial genes in our aggregate microbial communities is >100-fold greater than the number of genes in our human genome.

—Jeffrey Gordon.

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  1. Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Biotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel

    Eugene Rosenberg

  2. Givat Shmuel, Israel

    Ilana Zilber-Rosenberg

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Rosenberg, E., Zilber-Rosenberg, I. (2013). Abundance and Diversity of Microbiota. In: The Hologenome Concept: Human, Animal and Plant Microbiota. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04241-1_3

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