Abstract
With the advance of automated machining, the in-process measurement increases its importance duly; however, the machining space is, in general, oil-misty, noisy and with severe vibration and high temperature. As can be readily seen, such an environment is not preferable for the sensor (transducer). This is very different aspect of the in-process measurement for the machining space from other sensor applications. Importantly, we need the sensor with compact and built-in type compatible with dirty environment and also robust signal processing. More importantly, we have now a very few sensors applicable to practices, although having so far tried a myriad of sensors possible. In consequence, we must challenge hereafter for the development of a new in-process measurement for machining states. On such an occasion, we must be aware that a facing problem ranges from the material science and tensor analysis of crystal, through the transducer development and enhancement of signal processing, to capability of its industrial application.
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Notes
- 1.
The tool wear can be detected by the maximum value in the changing pattern of the heat flux.
- 2.
In the academia, Masuko and Davis developed the dynamometer using the piezoelectric transducer for the measurement of one component and two components of the cutting force in 1955 and 1971, respectively. In the former dynamometer, the leakage of the static electricity was a crucial problem, whereas a fatal shortage of the latter was the signal drift by the temperature change especially in grinding. In the transducer of Kistler-make, these shortcomings were solved to certain extent [6, 7].
- 3.
For the dynamometer, the fundamental characteristics required are as follows: (1) High natural frequency, (2) high rigidity, (3) high sensitivity, (3) minimisation of cross-response (cross-talk) among components, (4) higher reliability of measured value, (5) wide measuring range with compactness and better tool mountability and (6) no influence of loading point on response characteristics. Of these, we must be aware that the high rigidity is, in general, in reciprocal relation to the high sensitivity. In addition, the higher reliability can be facilitated by (a) the non-interference with swarf flow, (b) ease of calibration, (c) less hysteresis of output signal, (d) less fluctuation of original point and (e) less drift by temperature change.
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Ito, Y. (2014). In-Process Measurement for Machining States: Sensing Technology in Noisy Space. In: Ito, Y. (eds) Thought-Evoking Approaches in Engineering Problems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04120-9_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-04120-9_2
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