Abstract
This chapter gives an overview of the technological fundamentals of the Power-to-Gas concept. After a general introduction to the concept itself, efficiencies and synergy potentials of the Power-to-Gas technology are described. Furthermore, a very short introduction to similar concepts is given, as well as a view to the technological challenges and restrictions for integration of hydrogen into the natural gas grid. Due to the limited available space, only the main aspects are addressed with reference to further reading.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
The by-product of the reforming process is carbon dioxide. Methane steam reforming is the reverse reaction of methanation, see Chap. 4.
- 2.
There are about 134 subsurface gas storage facilities throughout Europe with an aggregate storage volume of 94 billion m3 of natural gas.
- 3.
Exergy describes the part of energy which is convertible to its full extent in any other form of energy. Anergy is the part of the energy which is not convertible to exergy. The sum of exergy and anergy is the total energy. Electric power consists of 100 % exergy (Baehr 1996).
- 4.
A comprehensive study has been performed recently by DVGW (Müller-Syring et al. 2013b). Four distinct locations for Power-to-Gas plants are examined, and specific Power-to-Gas plant concepts are determined.
- 5.
Small Power-to-Gas plants (few 100 kW) may use carbon dioxide from biogas plants, and may also utilize biological methanation instead of chemical. For Power-to-Gas plants in the MW scale, industrial carbon dioxide sources are required, and preferably chemical methanation is used.
- 6.
The way the end product is distributed and stored is mainly a question of the existing infrastructure on site, and the desired utilization of the end product (Müller-Syring et al. 2013b).
- 7.
A gas grid for hydrogen only exists in a few, spatially limited regions. Therefore, hydrogen should be injected to the existing and well established natural gas grid.
- 8.
- 9.
The Wobbe-index is the ratio of the heating value and the square root of the relative density of the gas. The relative density is the ratio of the gas density to the density of air under standard conditions. The burner power remains constant with same Wobbe-indices despite different heating values (Müller-Syring et al. 2013b).
- 10.
http://www.underground-sun-storage.at/en.html. Accessed 22 May 2014.
References
Ausfelder F, Bazzanella A (2008) Verwertung und Speicherung von CO2. Dechema, Frankfurt/Main
Baehr HD (1996) Thermodynamik, 9th edn. Springer, Berlin, p 134
Bergins C (2014) Energiewende umsetzen mit dem Großanlagenbau. Presentation at ProcessNet-Fachgruppe “Energieverfahrenstechnik”, Karlsruhe, Hitachi Power Europe, 18, February 2014
Bilfinger Industrial Technologies (2014) Power-to-liquids. http://www.sunfire.de/wp-content/uploads/BILit_FactSheet_POWER-TO-LIQUIDS_EMS_en.pdf. Accessed 25 May 2014
Deutsche Energieagentur (2013) Strategieplattform Power-to-Gas. Thesenpapier: Technik und Technologieentwicklung. http://www.powertogas.info/fileadmin/user_upload/downloads/Positionen_Thesen/PowertoGas_Thesenpapier_Technik.pdf. Accessed 7 May 2014
Egner S, Krätschmer W, Faulstich M (2012) Perspektiven der Energiewende. In: Lorber K et al. (eds) DepoTech 2012, Tagungsband zur 11. DepoTech Konferenz, Leoben, pp 49–56
Florisson O (2010) Naturally preparing for the hydrogen economy by using the existing natural gas system as catalyst. Final publishable activity report, N.V. Nederlandse Gasunie
Frühwirth V (2014) Feasibility study of a large scale power-to-gas system. Master thesis, Montanuniversität Leoben (in preparation)
Grond L, Schulze P, Holstein S (2013) Systems analyses power to gas: deliverable 1: technology review. DNV KEMA energy & sustainability, Groningen
Haeseldonckx D, D’haeseleer W (2007) The use of the natural-gas pipeline infrastructure for hydrogen transport in a changing market structure. EHEC2005 32(10–11):1381–1386
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (ed) (2014) Power-to-Gas: Wind und Sonne in Erdgas speichern. http://www.kit.edu/downloads/pi/KIT_PI_2014_044_Power-to-Gas_-_Wind_und_Sonne_in_Erdgas_speichern_.pdf. Accessed 23 May 2014
Kinger G (2012) Green energy conversion and storage (Geco). Endbericht for FFG project 829943, Wien
Leiter W, Schüth F, Wagemann K (2014) Diskussionspapier: Überschussstrom nutzbar machen. Dechema, Frankfurt. http://dechema.wordpress.com/2014/01/31/ueberschussstrom_1/. Accessed 15 May 2014
Markowz G (2013) Power-to-Chemistry® Ein alternatives Konzept zur chemischen Energiespeicherung. Presentation at Dechema Kolloquium „Wind-to-Gas“ Frankfurt, Evonik Industries, 7 March 2013
Markowz G (2014) Power-to-Chemistry® Strom speichern im industriellen Maßstab. Presentation at Innovationskongress Berlin, EVONIK Industries, 7 May 2014
Melaina MW, Antonia O, Penev M (2013) Blending hydrogen into natural gas pipeline networks: a review of key issues. National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden
Müller-Syring G, Hüttenrauch J, Zöllner S (2012) Erarbeitung von Basisinformationen zur Positionierung des Energieträgers Erdgas im zukünftigen Energiemix in Österreich: AP 2: Evaluierung der existierenden Infrastrukturen auf Grundlage der ermittelten Potentiale. Abschlussbericht, Leipzig
Müller-Syring G et al (2013a) Entwicklung von modularen Konzepten zur Erzeugung, Speicherung und Einspeisung von Wasserstoff und Methan ins Erdgasnetz, DVGW Bericht zu Fördezeichen G 1-07-10:119
Müller-Syring G et al (2013b) Entwicklung von modularen Konzepten zur Erzeugung, Speicherung und Einspeisung von Wasserstoff und Methan ins Erdgasnetz. Abschlussbericht, DVGW Förderkennzeichen G1-07-10, Bonn
Müller-Syring G, Henel M (2014) Auswirkungen von Wasserstoff im Erdgas in Gasverteilnetzen und bei Endverbrauchern. Gwf Gas-Erdgas:310-312
Schöß MA, Redenius A, Turek T, Güttel R (2014) Chemische Speicherung regenerativer elektrischer Energie durch Methanisierung von Prozessgasen aus der Stahlindustrie. Chem Ing Tech 86(5):734–739
Sterner M (2009) Bioenergy and renewable power methane in integrated 100 % renewable energy systems. Dissertation, Universität Kassel
Sterner M, Jentsch M, Holzhammer U (2011) Energiewirtschaftliche und ökologische Bewertung eines Windgas-Angebotes. Fraunhofer IWES, Kassel, p 18
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lehner, M., Tichler, R., Steinmüller, H., Koppe, M. (2014). The Power-to-Gas Concept. In: Power-to-Gas: Technology and Business Models. SpringerBriefs in Energy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03995-4_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03995-4_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-03994-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-03995-4
eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)