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Notes
- 1.
If an external voltage is applied, conduction band electrons and valence band holes are no longer in thermodynamic equilibrium. However, intraband carrier-scattering processes are so fast [9] that the carriers thermalize within each band. This means that each ensemble of carriers (electron and holes) can be described by a quasi-Fermi distribution, where the difference of both quasi-Fermi levels equals the external voltage times the elementary charge.
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Otto, C. (2014). Introduction. In: Dynamics of Quantum Dot Lasers. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03786-8_1
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