Abstract
Disclosing one’s transgender identity as a youth and subsequent desires to transition present challenges to both the youth and their families. This article explores themes and clinical implications for supporting families during this time. Four themes are identified – construction of meaning, support, flexibility and stability, and sensitive communication – and are used to guide clinicians as they attempt to stabilize the family system after a youth’s disclosure. Clinical implications are explored, derived from the authors’ work as therapists for families of transgender youth, facilitators of a parent support group, and parent liaisons for a camp for transgender youth.
Editors’ note: First published in 2011, American Family Therapy Academy Monograph Series.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Editors’ note: The 2013 edition of the DSM (DSM-V) reclassified GID as “Gender Identity Dysphoria,” effectively downgrading it from a “disorder” to a “confusion.”
- 2.
For more information on this camp see www.camparanutiq.org.
References
American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., Text Revision). Washington, DC: Author.
Beeler, J., & Diprova, V. (1999). Family adjustment following disclosure of homosexuality by a member: Themes discerned in narrative accounts. Journal of Marital and Family Therapy, 25, 443–459.
Brill, S., & Pepper, R. (2008). The transgender child: A handbook for families and professionals. San Francisco, CA: Cleis Press.
Carroll, L., & Gilroy, P. J. (2002). Transgender issues in counselor preparation. Counselor Education and Supervision, 41(3), 233–242.
Cohen-Kettenis, P., & Pfafflin, F. (2003). Transgenderism and intersexuality in childhood and adolescence: Making choices. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Cooper, K. (2009). Social work practice with transgender and gender variant youth and their families. In G. P. Mallon (Ed.), Social Work Practice with Transgender and Gender-variant Youth (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Routledge.
Devor, A. (2004). Witnessing and mirroring: A fourteen stage model of transsexual identity formation. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Psychotherapy, 8, 41–67.
Ehrbar, R., Witty, M., Ehrbar, H., & Bockting, W. (2008). Clinician judgment in the diagnosis of gender identity disorder in children. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 34(5), 385–412.
Ehrensaft, D. (2007). Raising girly boys: A parent’s perspective. Studies in Gender and Sexuality, 8(3), 269–302.
Ehrensaft, D. (2009). One pill makes you boy, one pill makes you girl. International Journal of Applied Psychoanalytic Studies, 6(1), 12–24.
Emerson, S., & Rosenfeld, C. (1996). Stages of adjustment in family members of transgender individuals. Journal of Family Psychotherapy, 7(3), 1–12.
Gainor, K. A., Greene, B., & Croom, G. L. (2000). Including transgender issues in lesbian, gay, and bisexual psychology: Implications for clinical practice and training. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Gold, M. (2008). A qualitative Investigation into the process of family adjustment to transgender emergence. Dissertation Abstract International, 69(7), 135A.
Hill, D., Menvielle, E., Sica, K., & Johnson, A. (2010). An affirmative intervention for families with gender-variant children: Parental ratings of child mental health and gender. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 36(1), 6–23.
Imber-Black, E. (1998). The secret life of families. New York, NY: Bantam.
Israel, G. E., & Tarver, D. E. (Eds.) (1997). Trans-gender care: Recommended guidelines, practical information, and personal accounts. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press.
LaSala, M. C. (2010). Coming out, coming home: Helping families adjust to gay or lesbian child. New York, NY: Columbia University Press.
Lev, A. I. (2004). Transgender emergence: Therapeutic guidelines for working with gender-variant people and their families. New York, NY: Routledge.
Lev, A. I. (2005). Disordering gender identity: Gender identity disorder in the DSM-IV-TR. Journal of Psychology & Human Sexuality, 17(3/4), 35–69.
Patterson, J. M. (2002). Understanding family resilience. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 58(3), 233–246.
Pleak, R. (2009). Formation of transgender identities in adolescence. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 13(4), 282–291.
Saeger, K. (2006). Finding our way: Guiding a young transgender child. The Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 2(3/4), 207–245.
Schwartz, A., & Barber, M. (2010). An inside look: Appreciating the complexity of gender identity. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 14(2), 91–93.
Simon, J. B., Murphy, J. J., & Smith, S. M. (2005). Understanding and fostering family resilience. The Family Journal, 13(4), 427–436.
Spack, N. (2009). An endocrine perspective on the care of transgender adolescents. Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 13(4), 309–319.
Stone Fish, L., & Harvey, R. G. (2005). Nurturing queer youth: Family therapy transformed. New York, NY: W.W. Norton.
Toomey, R., Ryan, C., Diaz, R. M., Card, N. A., & Russell, S. T. (2010). Gender-nonconforming lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth: School victimization and young adult psycho-social adjustment. Developmental Psychology, 46, 1580–1589.
Trans Youth Family Allies. (2010). Assembling a “Safe” Folder. Available at http://www.imatyfa.org/resources/parents/creating-a-safe-folder/
Vanderburgh, R. (2008). Appropriate therapeutic care for families with pre-pubescent transgender/gender-dissonant children. Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, 26(2), 135–154.
Walsh, F. (2003). Family resilience: A framework for clinical practice. Family Process, 42(1), 1–18.
Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the Sidney Borum Jr. Health Center, Fenway Health, JRI Health, Greater Boston Family Therapy Training Boston, and Camp Aranu’tiq for supporting our work with transgender youth and their families. Their support and guidance has been instrumental in our learning and clinical work with this complex family issue. It has been a particular honor and privilege to learn from the parents of the support group and to bear witness to all they have shared. We would also like to thank Thorana Nelson for her invaluable guidance through this writing process.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 American Family Therapy Academy
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
MacNish, M., Gold-Peifer, M. (2014). Families in Transition: Supporting Families of Transgender Youth. In: Nelson, T., Winawer, H. (eds) Critical Topics in Family Therapy. AFTA SpringerBriefs in Family Therapy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03248-1_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-03248-1_13
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-03247-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-03248-1
eBook Packages: Behavioral ScienceBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)