Abstract
In this article, laminar convective heat transfer of copper-water nanofluid in isothermally heated wavy -wall channel is numerically investigated. The governing continuity, momentum and energy equations in body-fitted coordinates are discretized using finite volume approach and solved iteratively using SIMPLE algorithm. The study covers Reynolds number and nanoparticle volume concentration in the ranges of 100–800 and 0–5 % respectively. The effects of nanoparticles volume concentration and Reynolds number on velocity and temperature profiles, the local Nusselt number, the local skin-friction coefficient, average Nusselt number, pumping power and heat transfer enhancement are presented and analyzed. Results show that there is a significant enhancement in heat transfer by addition of nanoparticles. This enhancement increase with concentration of particles but the required pumping power also increases. The present results display a good agreement with the literature.
Keywords
- Nusselt Number
- Heat Transfer Enhancement
- Local Nusselt Number
- Average Nusselt Number
- Reynolds Number Increase
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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- a:
-
Wavy amplitude, mm
- A:
-
Dimensionless wavy amplitude, (A = a/H)
- Cf :
-
Skin-friction coefficient
- Cp :
-
Specific heat, J/kg K
- Dh :
-
Hydraulic diameter, mm (Dh = 2H)
- Dp:
-
Dimensionless pressure drop, (Dp = Δp/ρf u 2in )
- f:
-
Friction factor
- h:
-
Heat transfer coefficients, (W/m2 °C)
- H:
-
Separation distance between wavy walls, mm
- Ls :
-
Length of smooth wall, mm
- Lw :
-
Length of wavy wall, mm
- J:
-
Jacobian of transformation
- K:
-
Thermal conductivity, W/m °C
- Nu:
-
Nusselt number
- p:
-
Pressure, Pa
- P:
-
Dimensionless pressure
- Pr:
-
Prandtl number
- Re:
-
Reynolds number
- T:
-
Temperature, °C
- u, v:
-
Velocities components, m/s
- U, V:
-
Dimensionless velocity component
- x, y:
-
2D Cartesian coordinates, m
- X, Y:
-
Dimensionless Cartesian coordinates
- ζ, η:
-
Body-fitted coordinates
- \(\alpha_{f}\) :
-
Thermal diffusivity, m2/s
- \(\alpha_{\phi } ,\,\alpha_{P}\) :
-
Relaxation factors
- β11, β12 :
-
Transforming coefficients
- β21, β22 :
-
Transforming coefficients
- \(\varphi\) :
-
Volume concentration of particles, %
- \(\phi\) :
-
General variable
- \(\mu\) :
-
Dynamic viscosity, Ns/m2
- \(\rho\) :
-
Density, kg/m3
- \(\theta\) :
-
Dimensionless temperature
- \(\Delta p\) :
-
Pressure drop, Pa
- eff :
-
Effective
- f :
-
Base fluid
- in :
-
Inlet
- l :
-
Average value
- nf :
-
Nanofluid
- p :
-
Particles
- w :
-
Wall
- x :
-
Local value
- c :
-
Contravariant velocity
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Acknowledgments
The authors would like to sincerely thank the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) of Malaysia for the provision of a grant with code no. 20110106FRGS to support this work.
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Ahmed, M.A., Yusoff, M.Z., Shuaib, N.H. (2015). Numerical Investigation on the Nanofluid Flow and Heat Transfer in a Wavy Channel. In: Shaari, K., Awang, M. (eds) Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Dynamics. Advanced Structured Materials, vol 44. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02836-1_10
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