Skip to main content

Modeling Foreshadowing in Narrative Comprehension for Sentimental Readers

  • Conference paper

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNISA,volume 8230))

Abstract

Foreshadowing is a narrative technique of manipulating the reader’s inferences about the story progression. This paper reviews research on foreshadowing and reader comprehension in narratology and cognitive science. We use the term sentimental reader to refer to sophisticated readers who make active efforts in their reading experiences, and then we list various examples of foreshadowing found in novels, films, and games, discussing their impact on the sentimental reader’s reasoning process. We further present an example of interactive fiction associated with the use of foreshadowing and conclude with future work.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Genette, G.: Narrative Discourse: An Essay in Method. Cornell University Press, Ithaca (1983)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bordwell, D.: Narration in the Fiction Film. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison (1985)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Barthes, R.: S/Z. Collins Publishers, Toronto (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Chatman, S.: Story and Discourse: Narrative Structure in Fiction and Film. Cornell University Press (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Turner, S.: The Creative Process: A Computer Model of Storytelling and Creativity. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Hillsdale (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Montfort, N.: Ordering Events in Interactive Fiction Narratives. In: Proceedings of the AAAI Fall Symposium on Intelligent Narrative Technologies (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bae, B., Cheong, Y.: Automated Story Generation with Multiple Internal Focalization. In: Proc. IEEE Computational Intelligence in Games (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Bae, B.-C., Young, R.M.: A use of flashback and foreshadowing for surprise arousal in narrative using a plan-based approach. In: Spierling, U., Szilas, N. (eds.) ICIDS 2008. LNCS, vol. 5334, pp. 156–167. Springer, Heidelberg (2008)

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  9. Eco, U.: The Limits of Interpretation. Indiana University Press, Bloomington (1990)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. Pamuk, O.: The Naive and the Sentimental Novelist. Vintage International (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Abbott H.P.: Interpreting narrative. The Cambridge Introduction to Narrative, 2nd edn., ch. 7. Cambridge University Press (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Gerrig, R.J., Bernardo, A.B.I.: Readers as problem-solvers in the experience of suspense. Poetics 22(6), 459–472 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Cheong, Y.: A Computational Model of Narrative Generation for Suspense. Ph.D. Dissertation, Department of Computer Science, North Carolina State University (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Zwaan, R.A.: The Construction of Situation Models in Narrative Comprehension: An Event-Indexing Model. Psychological Science 6(5), 292–297 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Niehaus, J., Young, R.M.: A Computational Model of Inferencing in Narrative. In: AAAI Spring Symposium on Intelligent Narrative Technologies II, pp. 83–90 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Cardona-Rivera, R.E., Cassell, B.A., Ware, S.G., Young, R.M.: Indexter: A computational model of the event-indexing situation model for characterizing narratives. In: The Workshop on Computational Models of Narrative at the Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, pp. 32–41 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Trabasso, T., Sperry, L.: Causal Relatedness and Importance of Story Events. Journal of Memory and Language 24, 595–611 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Higdon, M.J.: Something Judicious This Way Comes... The Use of Foreshadowing as a Persuasive Device in Judicial Narrative. University of Richmond Law Review (May 2010)

    Google Scholar 

  19. Aarseth, E.: A Narrative Theory of Games. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on the Foundations of Digital Games (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  20. Juul, J.: Half-Real. MIT Press, Cambridge (2005)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Calleja, G.: In-Game: From Immersion to Incorporation. MIT Press, Cambridge (2011)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  22. Kintsch, W.: Learning from Text, Levels of Comprehension, or: Why Anyone Would Read a Story Anyway. Poetics 9, 87–98 (1980)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Young, R.M., Rivera-Cardona, R.: Approaching a Player Model of Game Story Comprehension Through Affordance in Interactive Narrative. In: The Fourth Workshop on Intelligent Narrative Technologies, AIIDE (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  24. Ryan, M.-L.: Possible Worlds, Artificial Intelligence, and Narrative Theory. Indiana University Press, Bloomington (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Eco, U.: The Role of the Reader: Explorations in the Semiotics of Texts. Indiana University Press, Bloomington (1984)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Kripke, S.: Semantical Considerations on Modal Logic. Acta Philosophica Fennica 16, 83–94 (1963)

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  27. Herman, D.: Routeledge Encyclopedia of Narrative Theory. Routeledge, London (2005); Herman, D., Jahn, M., Ryan, M.-L(eds.)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Rimmon-Kenan, S.: Narrative Fiction. Routledge, London (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Prince, G.: Dictionary of Narratology, Revised Ed. University of Nebraska Press (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Toolan, M.: Narrative: A critical linguistic introduction, 2nd edn. Routledge, NY (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  31. Oatley, K.: A Taxonomy of the Emotions of Literary Response and a Theory of Idenification in Fictional Narrative. Poetics 23, 53–74 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Bae, BC., Cheong, YG., Vella, D. (2013). Modeling Foreshadowing in Narrative Comprehension for Sentimental Readers. In: Koenitz, H., Sezen, T.I., Ferri, G., Haahr, M., Sezen, D., C̨atak, G. (eds) Interactive Storytelling. ICIDS 2013. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8230. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02756-2_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02756-2_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-02755-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-02756-2

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics