Abstract
Chapter 7 is inevitably something of a job lot insofar that it contains information on operators in three regions. In the case of Africa, the geographic boundaries are clear-cut but there are relatively few entries—only 16 of the 56 countries/islands merit an entry and only South Africa merits a reasonably detailed analysis. In practice, this is exactly the same as happened in the case of 3G as average incomes in the region are generally too low to sustain expensive data packages. The Middle East is a much more amorphous region, and in this case it has had to be defined, somewhat unsatisfactorily, to include all those countries not covered in other chapters. Once again, only one country, Bahrain, strictly merits an in-depth analysis even though it is geographically very small. As for the Americas, this is again something of a catch-all in that—apart, obviously, from excluding the USA—it ranges from Canada to the southern tip of South America and all points in-between including a number of small islands. Predictably, Brazil and Canada merit the most attention and, in general, these regions are followers rather than leaders in the race to establish LTE.l.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Barton, J. (2012). New router extends local 4G/LTE coverage in Kyrgyzstan. Accessed March 9, 2012, from http://www.developingtelecoms.com
Businessmega. (2012). Emtel launched the 4G mobile. Accessed May 30, 2012, from http://www.business.mega.mu
Cellular-news. (2012a). Bahrain plans LTE spectrum sale later this year. Accessed March 21, 2012, from http://www.cellular-news.com
Cellular-news. (2012b). Omantel launches LTE services in Oman. Accessed July 17, 2012, from http://www.cellular-news.com
Cellular-news. (2012c). Bahamas regulator issues 700MHz radio spectrum licenses. Accessed September 10, 2012, from http://www.cellular-news.com
Cellular-news. (2012d). Vodacom launches LTE services in South Africa. Accessed October 10, 2012, from http://www.cellular-news.com
Cellular-news. (2012e). South Africa’s Cell C planning LTE launch by end of 2012. Accessed November 6, 2012, from http://www.cellular-news.com
Cellular-news. (2012f). Zain launches LTE services in Kuwait. Accessed November 25, 2012, from http://www.cellular-news.com
Cellular-news. (2013a). Altel-Lucent wins Iraqi LTE deployment contract. Accessed February 27, 2013, from http://www.cellular-news.com
Cellular-news. (2013b). KT to provide LTE technology to Rwanda. Accessed March 11, 2013, from http://www.cellular-news.com
Cellular-news. (2013c). Ooredoo to launch LTE network next month. Accessed March 15, 2013, from http://www.cellular-news.com
Cellular-news. (2013d). Mozambique to auction 800MHz band. Accessed March 18, 2013, from http://www.cellular-news.com
Cellular-news. (2013e). Further delays expected in Israeli 4G spectrum auction. Accessed May 13, 2013, from http://www.cellular-news.com
Cellular-news. (2013f). Zimbabwe to make infrastructure sharing mandatory. Accessed May 20, 2013, from http://www.cellular-news.com
Gabriel, C. (2011). Intel and Clearwire back Mexican LTE venture. Accessed April 9, 2011, from http://www.rethink-wireless.com
Globaltelecomsbusiness. (2012). Colombia raises $80m in spectrum auction. Accessed July 2, 2012, from http://www.globaltelecomsbusiness.com
Goga, A. (2011). Movistar lanza su Red 4G (HSPA+) en Perú. Accessed November 18, 2011, from http://www.arturogoga.com
GrupoConvergencia. (2012). UNE-EPM got 50 MHz on the 2.5 GHz band and plans to develop LTE. Accessed July 2, 2012, from http://www.convergencia.com
Harrup, A. (2012). Mexican govt to recover, resell high-frequency spectrum. Accessed August 13, 2012, from http://www.telecoms.com
Landa, R. (2010). Spectrum auction tragedies. The case of the Mexico spectrum auction for AWS services. Accessed September 15, 2010, from http://www.ssrn.com/abstract=1667950
Lennighan, M. (2011). Three Saudi mobile operators claim LTE launches. Accessed September 15, 2011, from http://www.totaltele.com
Lennighan, M. (2012). Brazil to drive move to LTE in Latin America. Accessed February 29, 2012, from http://www.totaltele.com
LteWorld. (2012). Viva launches 4G LTE services in Kuwait. Accessed October 9, 2012, from http://www.lteworld.org
MinTIC. (2013). Gobierno adjudica licencias de 4G. Accessed June 26, 2013, from http://www.mintic.gov.co
Prescott, R. (2012). Bolivia’s Entel launches LTE in 700 MHz band. Accessed December 22, 2008, from http://www.rcrwireless.com
Rayal, F. (2012). Analysis of Brazil’s 2.5 GHz spectrum auction results. Accessed June 19, 2012, from http://www.frankrayal.com
RPP. (2011). Claro lanza tecnologia 4G en el Perú. Accessed November 15, 2011, from http://www.rpp.com.pe
Telecom.paper. (2012a). Azercell launches LTE in Baku. Accessed May 24, 2012, from http://www.telecompaper.com
Telecom.paper. (2012b). Colombia to award 4G spectrum in September. Accessed May 28, 2012, from http://www.telecompaper.com
Telecom.paper. (2012c). Kyrgyzstan allocates LTE, Wimax frequencies to 12 operators. Accessed October 10, 2012, from http://www.telecompaper.com
Telecom.paper. (2012d). Telcel launches LTE network in 9 Mexican cities. Accessed November 7, 2012, from http://www.telecompaper.com
Telecom.paper. (2012e). Orange Moldova launches LTE services. Accessed November 21, 2012, from http://www.telecompaper.com
Telecom.paper. (2012f). Jordan seeks new operators in spectrum tender. Accessed December 7, 2012, from http://www.telecompaper.com
Telecom.paper. (2012g). CNT wins 70 MHz spectrum for LTE services. Accessed December 14, 2012, from http://www.telecompaper.com
Telecom.paper. (2012h). Claro Brasil starts 4G services. Accessed December 14, 2012, from http://www.telecompaper.com
Telecom.paper. (2012i). Kazakhtelecom launches LTE in Astana, Almaty. Accessed December 27, 2012, from http://www.telecompaper.com
Telecom.paper. (2013a). Israeli govt to allocate 4G frequencies in 2013. Accessed January 9, 2013, from http://www.telecompaper.com
Telecom.paper. (2013b). Tricom launches LTE network in Dominican Republic. Accessed March 27, 2013, from http://www.telecompaper.com
Telecom.paper. (2013c). Algeria to close Djezzy purchase before 3G licensing. Accessed April 8, 2013, from http://www.telecompaper.com
Telecom.paper. (2013d). Claro Brasil launches 4G service in 11 cities. Accessed April 18, 2013, from http://www.telecompaper.com
Telecom.paper. (2013e). Claro launches first LTE network in Chile. Accessed June 27, 2013, from http://www.telecompaper.com
TeleGeography. (2010). Fourth LTE network goes live: MTS launches 4G in Tashkent. Accessed July 29, 2010, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2011a). Airtel, Yu face foreign ownership LTE licence freeze. Accessed September 5, 2011, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2011b). Race is on for LTE in Puerto Rico. Accessed October 4, 2011, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2011c). WBS announces LTE rollout plans: Launch expected by mid-2012. Accessed October 12, 2011, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012a). DISH LTE plan moves forward in Canada, not in US. Accessed February 9, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012b). TRA invites expressions of interest in unallocated 1900MHz-2170MHz. Accessed March 2, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012c). ICASA bows to operator pressure; postpones 800MHz, 2.6GHz spectrum auction until further notice. Accessed March 7, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012d). Spectrum policy addresses 4G needs, but no timetable. Accessed March 21, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012e). NCC looks to free up 2.5 GHz spectrum. Accessed March 20, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012f). BTC upgrades Abaco to ‘4G’. Accessed April 16, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012g). Conatel demands second frequency consultation regarding 1700MHz and 2100MHz bands. Accessed April 17, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012h). Sprint Puerto Rican LTE launch anticipated in third quarter. Accessed April 19, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012i). No day of rest as Yota Bel sets Sunday launch date for LTE. Accessed May 5, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012j). Subtel receives three proposals for LTE, Entel comes out top. Accessed May 14, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012k). LTE arrives in Namibia: MTC launches 4G in capital. Accessed May 18, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012l). STC adds 4G coverage across 1,500 sites. Accessed May 30, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012m). Minister sets out LTE timeline; launch set for 2013, nationwide coverage by 2018. Accessed May 30, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012n). Smile launches 4G network in Dar es Salaam. Accessed June 8, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012o). Du eyeing launch of LTE next month. Accessed June 11, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012p). Cellcom Liberia launches ‘4G’ network. Accessed June 25, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012q). LIME claims ‘4G’ HSPA+ launch in BVI. Accessed July 2, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012r). Anrceti opens 4G licensing public consultation. Accessed July 30, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012s). Subtel allocates 4G spectrum. Accessed July 31, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012t). MTN’s South African unit to launch LTE, report says. Accessed August 13, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012u). Antigua’s govt pushes ahead with digital switchover; hints at LTE licensing in 1Q13. Accessed August 14, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012v). 4G sale set for 1H 2013. Accessed August 17, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012w). URCA grants BTC 4G licence. Accessed September 3, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012x). Confusion over Orange Dominicana’s 4G claims. Accessed September 6, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012y). Movistar wins extra 1900MHz spectrum, ups investment to USD535m, delays LTE to 2014. Accessed September 24, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012z). Kuwait licenses 4G services in 1800MHz band. Accessed October 8, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013a). Bolivia spectrum sale expected in 1Q 2013. Accessed January 7, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013b). Indotel lifts ban on Orange’s 4G service. Accessed January 15, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013c). Claro offers new licensee Xinwei a warm welcome as plot thickens round Chinese firm. Accessed January 18, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013d). Qtel focused on network improvements, 4G launch this year. Accessed January 17, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013e). TRA issues 2600MHz, 2100 MHz, 1800 MHz, 900 MHz invitation. Accessed January 28, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013f). EETT consults on 3.4GHz-3.8GHz allocation, usage. Accessed February 11, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013g). Batelco launches commercial LTE-1800 services. Accessed March 1, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013h). Nawras introduces LTE services. Accessed March 5, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013i). TIM Brasil board gives thumbs up to network sharing plan with Oi SA. Accessed March 6, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013j). Umniah tests LTE network, Orange ‘not part of the game’. Accessed March 11, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013k). Regulator assigns 900MHz, 1900MHz, 1700MHz/2100MHz spectrum. Accessed March 15, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013l). Menatelecom not allowed to bid in 4G auction. Accessed March 18, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013m). 700MHz spectrum up for grabs; MTRs may fall to JMD2. Accessed March 27, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013n). Turkish government inks 4G deal. Accessed April 9, 2013, form http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013o). Zain Bahrain launches 4G network. Accessed April 11, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013p). 2Connect attempts to sue TRA over LTE auction exclusion. Accessed April 11, 2013, form http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013q). Regulator announces results of consultation on 2500MHz-2690MHz licence auction. Accessed April 23, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013r). Belarusian minister confirms plans for LTE-A tests in 2013. Accessed April 25, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013s). KT LTE network generates KZT100m, claims 30,000 4G subs. Accessed April 26, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013t). Oi SA inaugurates Rio 4G launch. Accessed April 26, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013u). MTN activates Uganda’s first LTE network. Accessed April 29, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013v). SMA sets out plans for 700 MHz auction, sweetens deal for newcomers. Accessed April 29, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013w). Alfa launches commercial LTE in Beirut. Accessed May 20, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013x). Touch launches commercial LTE. Accessed May 23, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013y). Smile launches 800MHz LTE. Accessed June 11, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013z). Zambia’s Massnet seeking investor to enable LTE deployment. Accessed June 21, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012aa). APEK approves LTE 700MHz tests. Accessed October 15, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012ab). Rogers confirms 2600MHz LTE availability across its 2100MHz footprint. Accessed November 1, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012ac). Ukrtelecom issued nationwide 5.3GHz wireless broadband licence. Accessed November 9, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012ad). Neotel announces 70Mbps LTE trial. Accessed November 12, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012ae). Colombia sets the bar for LTE providers. Accessed November 14, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012af). This is not just any ‘4G’, this is TSTT ‘4G’. Accessed November 14, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012ag). Smile Telecoms selects Alca-Lu to roll out 4G networks in Tanzania, Uganda and DRC. Accessed November 16, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012ah). TRA speeds up release of 2.5GHz-2.6GHz bands. Accessed November 20, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012ai). Unknown company awarded 1980MHz-2000MHz licence. Accessed November 23, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012aj). Peru bans use of ‘4G’ in marketing. Accessed November 28, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012ak). MTN LTE network now up and running in Pretoria, Durban, Jo’burg. Accessed December 5, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2012al). Menatelecom investing in nationwide LTE rollout. Accessed December 6, 2012, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013aa). Spectrum transfer framework: Looks good for Verizon, bad for Rogers. Accessed July 1, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013ab). USVI receives LTE courtesy of AT&T; US 4G coverage reaches 326 cities. Accessed July 3, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013ac). Econet to roll out 4G LTE in Victoria Falls. Accessed July 9, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013ad). T-Mobile launches LTE in Puerto Rico. Accessed July 18, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013ae). Telefonica, Entel win 4G spectrum tender in Peru. Accessed July 23, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
TeleGeography. (2013af). Fed-up Telus takes government to court over spectrum transfer rules. Accessed July 30, 2013, from http://www.telegeography.com
The Media Guru. (2012). Orange Mauritius launches 4G LTE! Accessed June 29, 2012, from http://www.themediaguru.blogspot.com
Tomás, J. (2013). State telco Copaco investing in Paraguay LTE developments. Accessed February 21, 2013, from http://www.totaltele.com
Wireless Federation. (2011). Argentina to auction mobile spectrum licenses in H2. Accessed May 12, 2011, from http://www.wimaxforum.org/about
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Curwen, P., Whalley, J. (2013). Africa, Middle East and the Americas. In: Fourth Generation Mobile Communication. Management for Professionals. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02210-9_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02210-9_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-02209-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-02210-9
eBook Packages: Business and EconomicsBusiness and Management (R0)