Abstract
Current state-of-the-art data center networks are primarily implemented using tree-based topologies. An alternative is to use a leaf-spine configuration which is based on the folded-Clos network. While these approach meet the demands of the current DCN, they are not suited to meet future demands. This chapter reviews some of the salient features of the approaches and points out their shortcomings.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
Ethernet is considered Layer 2, though switching is defined in the OSI protocol reference model as a network-layer function.
References
Boden, N., Cohen, D., Felderman, R., Kulawik, A., Seitz, C., Seizovic, J., Su, W.: Myrinet: a gigabit-per-second local area network. IEEE Micro 15(1), 29–36 (1995)
Cisco: Cisco data center infrastructure 2.5 design guide. http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/solutions/Enterprise/Data_Center/DC_Infra2_5/DCI_SRND_2_5a_book.html
Dally, W., Towles, B.: Principles and Practices of Interconnection Networks. Morgan Kaufmann, Amsterdam/San Francisco (2004)
Farinacci, D., Fuller, V., Meyer, D., Lewis, D.: Locator/ID separation protocol (LISP). Internet Draft (draft-ietf-lisp-23) (2012). (Work in progress)
Greenberg, A., Hamilton, J., Maltz, D.A., Patel, P.: The cost of a cloud: research problems in data center networks. SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 39(1), 68–73 (2009). doi:http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1496091.1496103
Greenberg, A., Hamilton, J.R., Jain, N., Kandula, S., Kim, C., Lahiri, P., Maltz, D.A., Patel, P., Sengupta, S.: VL2: a scalable and flexible data center network. SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 39(4), 51–62 (2009). doi:http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1594977.1592576
Hyper-v quick migration basp team connectivity loss – ibm bladecenter and system x. http://www-947.ibm.com/support/entry/portal/docdisplay?lndocid=migr-5087137
IEEE Standards Association: Media access control (mac) bridges and virtual bridge local area networks (2011)
Kant, K.: Data center evolution: a tutorial on state of the art, issues, and challenges. Comput. Netw. 53(17), 2939–2965 (2009)
Kim, C., Caesar, M., Rexford, J.: Floodless in seattle: a scalable ethernet architecture for large enterprises. ACM SIGCOMM Comput. Commun. Rev. 38(4), 3–14 (2008)
Ma, X., Hu, C., Chen, K., Zhang, C., Zhang, H., Zheng, K., Chen, Y., Sun, X.: Error tolerant address configuration for data center networks with malfunctioning devices. In: 2012 IEEE 32nd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), Macau, pp. 708–717. IEEE (2012)
Nordmark, E., Bagnulo, M.: Shim6: level 3 multihoming Shim protocol for IPv6. RFC 5533 (Proposed Standard) (2009). http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc5533.txt
Ong, L., Yoakum, J.: An introduction to the stream control transmission protocol (SCTP). RFC 3286 (Informational) (2002). http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3286.txt
Pepelnjak, I.: Data center fabrics – what really matters. http://demo.ipspace.net/get/Data%20Center%20Fabrics%20What%20Really%20Matters%20RIPE.pdf
Perkins, C.: IP mobility support. RFC 2002 (Proposed Standard) (1996). http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2002.txt. Obsoleted by RFC 3220, updated by RFC 2290
Perlman, R., Eastlake 3rd, D., Dutt, D., Gai, S., Ghanwani, A.: Routing bridges (RBridges): base protocol specification. RFC 6325 (Proposed Standard) (2011). http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc6325.txt. Updated by RFCs 6327, 6439
Thaler, D., Hopps, C.: Multipath issues in unicast and multicast next-hop selection. RFC 2991 (Informational) (2000). http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2991.txt
Zhang, Y., Ansari, N.: On architecture design, congestion notification, TCP incast and power consumption in data centers. IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor. 15(1), 39-64 (2012)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Liu, Y., Muppala, J.K., Veeraraghavan, M., Lin, D., Hamdi, M. (2013). Data Center Network Topologies: Current State-of-the-Art. In: Data Center Networks. SpringerBriefs in Computer Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01949-9_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01949-9_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-01948-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-01949-9
eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)