Abstract
Knowledge Engineering (KE) provides resources to build a conceptual model from experts’ knowledge which is sometimes deficient to interpret the input data flow coming from a concrete process. On the other hand, data mining techniques in a process of Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) can be used in order to obtain representative patterns of data which could allow to improve the model to be constructed. However, interpreting these patterns is difficult due to the gap which exists between the expert’s conceptual universe and that of the process instrumentation. This chapter proposes then a global approach which combines KE with KDD in order to allow the construction of Knowledge Models for Knowledge Based Systems from expert knowledge and knowledge discovered in data. This approach is grounded in the Theory of Timed Observations on which both a KE methodology and a KDD process are based, so that the resulting models can be compared.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
The symbol \( \triangleq \) denotes rewriting or “corresponds to”.
References
Le Goc, M.: Notion d’observation pour le diagnostic des processus dynamiques: Application à Sachem et à la découverte de connaissances temporelles. Habilitation à Diriger des Recherches. Université de Droit d’Economie et des Sciences d’Aix-Marseille (2006)
Shannon, C.E.: A mathematical theory of communication. Bell Syst. Tech. J. 27(379–423), 623–656 (1948)
Dagues, P.: Théorie logique du diagnostic à base de modèles. Diagnostic, Intelligence Artificielle, et Reconnaissance des Formes, pp. 17–105. Hermes Science Publications, Paris (2001)
Pomponio, L.: Definition of a human-machine learning process from timed observations: application to the modelling behaviour of old people at home. Université Aix-Marseille (2012)
Pomponio, L., Le Goc, M.: Timed observations modelling for diagnosis methodology: a case study. In: Cordeiro, J.A.M., Virvou, M., Shishkov, B. (eds.) ICSoft 2010—Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Software and Data Technologies, pp. 504–507. SciTePress, Athens (2010)
Le Goc M., Masse E., Curt C.: Modeling processes from timed observations. In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Software and Data Technologies (ICSoft’08), pp. 249–256 (2008)
Le Goc, M., Masse, E.: Towards a multimodeling approach of dynamic systems for diagnosis. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Software and Data Technologies (ICSoft’07), pp. 277–282 (2007)
Le Goc, M., Ahdab, A.: Learning Bayesian Networks from Timed Observations. LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing GmbH & Co, KG (2012)
Benayadi, N., Le Goc, M.: Mining timed sequences with TOM4L framework. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS 2010), pp. 111–120 (2010)
Ahdab, A., Le Goc, M.: Learning dynamic bayesian networks with the TOM4L process. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Software and Data Technologies (ICSoft 2010), pp. 353–363 (2010)
Ahdab, A.: Contribution à l’apprendissage de réseaux bayésiens à partir de donnèes datées pour le diagnostic des processus dynamiques continus. Université Paul Cézanne, Aix-Marseille (2010)
Benayadi, N.: Contribution à la découverte de connaissances à partir de données datées. Université Paul Cézanne, Aix-Marseille III (2010)
Bouché, P.: Une approache stochastique de modélisation de séquences d’événements discrets pour le diagnostic des systèmes dynamiques. Université Paul Cézanne, Aix-Marseille III (2005)
Schreiber, G., Akkermans, H., Anjewierden, A., et al.: Knowledge Engineering and Management: the CommonKADS Methodology. MIT Press, Cambridge (2000)
Wickramasinghe, N.: Knowledge Creation. Encyclopedia of Knowledge Management, pp. 326–335. Idea Group Inc., Hershey (2006)
Nonaka, I.: Dynamic theory of organizational knowledge creation. Organ. Sci. 5, 14–37 (1994)
Nonaka, I.: The knowledge-creating company. Harvard Bus. Rev. 96–104 (1991)
Alavi, M., Leidner, D.E.: Review: knowledge management and knowledge management systems: conceptual foundations and research issues. MIS Quart 25, 107–136 (2001)
Polanyi, M.: The Tacit Dimension. Doubleday & Company, Inc., NY (1966)
Nonaka, I., Konno, N.: The concept of “Ba”: building a foundation for knowledge creation. California Manage. Rev. 40, 40–54 (1998)
Feigenbaum, E.A.: The art of artificial intelligence: 1. Themes and case studies of knowledge engineering. In: International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pp. 1014–1029 (1977)
Feigenbaum, E.A.: A personal view of expert systems: looking back and looking ahead. knowledge systems laboratory. Department of Computer Science, Stanford University (1992)
Studer, R., Benjamins, V.R., Fensel, D.: Knowledge Engineering: Principles and Methods. Data Knowl. Eng. 25, 161–197 (1998)
Breuker, J., de Velde, W.V.: CommonKADS Library For Expertise Modelling. IOS Press, Amsterdam (1994)
Gennari, J.H., Musen, M.A., Fergerson, R.W., et al.: The evolution of protégé: an environment for knowledge-based systems development. Int. J. Hum Comput Stud. 58, 89–123 (2002)
Angele, J., Fensel, D., Landes, D., Studer, R.: Developing knowledge based-systems with MIKE. Autom. Soft. Eng. 5, 389–418 (1998)
Angele, J., Fensel, D., Studer, R.: Domain and task modeling in MIKE. In: Proceedings of the IFIP WG8.1/13.2 Joint Working Conference on Domain Knowledge for Interactive System Design, pp. 8–10 (1996)
Cairó, O., Alvarez, J.C.: KAMET II: an extended knowledge-acquisition methodology. In: Palade, V., Howlett, R.J., Jain, L.C. (eds.) Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems, pp. 61–67. Springer, London (2003)
Cairó, O., Alvarez, J.C.: The KAMET II Methodology: A Modern Approach for Building Diagnosis-Specialized Knowledge-Based Systems ISMIS, pp. 652–656. Springer, London (2003)
Motta, E., Stutt, A., O’Hara, K. et al.: VITAL knowledge representation language specification. Human Cognition Research Laboratory of the Open University (1991)
Piatetsky-Shapiro, G.: Knowledge discovery in real databases: a report on the IJCAI-89 workshop. IA Mag. 11, 68–70 (1990)
Fayyad, U., Piatetsky-Shapiro, G., Smyth, P.: From data mining to knowledge discovery in databases. IA Mag. 17, 37–57 (1996)
Fayyad, U., Piatetsky-Shapiro, G., Smyth, P.: The KDD process for extracting useful knowledge from volumes of data. Commun. ACM 39, 29–34 (1996)
Quinlan, J.R: C4.5: programs for machine learning. Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc., San Francisco (1993)
Rabiner L.R. : A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition. In: Proceedings of the IEEE 77, pp. 257 –286 (1989)
Michalski, R.S., Carbonell, J.G., Mitchell, T.M.: Machine Learning: An Artificial Intelligence Approach. Morgan Kaufmann, Tioga (1983)
Cheng, J., Greiner, R., Kelly, J., et al.: Learning bayesian networks from data: an information-theory based approach. Artif. Intell. 137, 43–90 (2002)
Defays, D.: An efficient algorithm for a complete link method. Comput. J. 20, 364–366 (1977)
Mitchell T.: Machine Learning. McGraw Hill, NY (1977)
Chittaro, L., Guida, G., Tasso, C., Toppano, E.: Functional and teleological knowledge in the multimodeling approach for reasoning about physical systems: a case study in diagnosis. IEEE Trans. Sys. Man Cybern. 23, 1718–1751 (1993)
Le Goc, M.: SACHEM, a real-time intelligent diagnosis system based on the discrete event paradigm. Simulation 80, 591–617 (2004)
Chittaro, L., Ranon, R.: Diagnosis of multiple faults with flow-based functional models: the functional diagnosis with efforts and flows approach. Reliab. Eng. Syst. Safety 64, 137–150 (1999)
Zanni, C., Le Goc, M., Frydman, C.: A conceptual framework for the analysis, classification and choice of knowledge-based diagnosis systems. KES—Int. J. Knowl. Based Intell. Eng. Syst. 10, 113–138 (2006)
Reiter, R.: A theory of diagnosis from first principles. Artif. Intell. 32, 57–95 (1987)
Rosenberg, R.C., Karnopp, D.C.: Introduction to Physical System Dynamics. McGraw-Hill, NY (1983)
Chittaro, L., Ranon, R.: Augmenting the diagnostic power of flow-based approaches to functional reasoning. In: AAAI-96 Proceedings, pp. 1010–1015 (1996)
Kullback, S., Leibler, R.A.: On information and sufficiency. Ann. Math. Stat. 22, 79–86 (1951)
Cheng, J., Bell, D., Liu, W.: Learning bayesian networks from data: an efficient approach based on information theory (1997)
Bouché, P., Le Goc, M., Coinu, J.: A global model of sequences of discrete event class occurrences. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems (ICEIS 2008), pp. 173–180 (2008)
Fakhfakh I., Curt C., Le Goc M., Torrès L.: Diagnosis of the Hydraulic Dam Safety based on Multimodelling Approach. Actes du 18ème Congrès de Maîtrise des Risques et de Sûreté de Fonctionnement (2012)
Pomponio, L., Le Goc, M., Pascual, E., Anfosso, A.: Discovering models of human’s behavior from sensor’s data. In: Workshop Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Intelligent Environments, pp. 17–28. IOS Press, Nottingham, 25–26 July 2011
Pomponio, L., Le Goc, M., Anfosso, A., Pascual, E.: Levels of abstraction for behavior modeling in the GerHome project. Int. J. E-Health Med. Commun. 3, 12–28 (2012)
Pomponio, L., Le Goc, M., Pascual, E., Anfosso, A.: Resident’s activity at different abstraction levels: proposition of a general theoretical framework. In: The 6th IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Data Acquisition and Advanced Computing Systems: Technology and Applications, IDAACS’2011, pp. 540–545, Prague (2011)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pomponio, L., Le Goc, M. (2014). Integrating Knowledge Engineering with Knowledge Discovery in Database: TOM4D and TOM4L. In: Faucher, C., Jain, L. (eds) Innovations in Intelligent Machines-4. Studies in Computational Intelligence, vol 514. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01866-9_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01866-9_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-01865-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-01866-9
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)