Abstract
Geospatial information contributes to decisions by both societal decision-makers and individuals. Investments in geospatial data have become a part of the political and policy debates that are focused on reducing government spending, as well as increasing societal wellbeing. Although many examples in our everyday life come to mind, good benchmarks of the value of geospatial information are missing. Quantifying this value involves comparisons of the decisions that would have been made with and without the information, and what the consequences of those decisions would have been. The Value of Information (VOI) is linked to the outcome of choice in uncertain situations. Individuals may be willing to pay for improved information depending on how uncertain they are, what is at stake, and the degree to which the benefit exceeds the cost of the information (Macauley 2006). Problems with data access, content interpretation (due to obscure file formats, for example) or use of the data all reduce the information value. Systematic analysis of the benefits of geospatial information in decisions focuses on the quantitative demonstration of why and how scientific data such as earth observations have economic value. Case studies apply the science and technology of geospatial data to inform decisions concerning the costs and benefits of economic and resource development. Two cases studies are provided which show net economic value but different approaches to assessing the VOI. Further steps in refining communication skills, providing a broad acceptance of approaches and a pool of experts to support community needs is envisioned in addressing paths forward.
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank the National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA) for their support under grants NNX11AK96G and NNX12AH10G. The authors would also like to recognize the support provided by the European Commission Joint Research Center (EC-JRC) for the organization of the referenced workshop. The contribution of the Isnternational Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) for the Ispa workshop, and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR), and Geoconnection for the Boulder workshop.are also recognized.
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Pearlman, F., Bernknopf, R., Stewart, M.A., Pearlman, J.S. (2014). Impacts of Geospatial Information for Decision Making. In: Drake, J., Kontar, Y., Rife, G. (eds) New Trends in Earth-Science Outreach and Engagement. Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research, vol 38. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01821-8_10
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