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The Ribeira Belt

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São Francisco Craton, Eastern Brazil

Part of the book series: Regional Geology Reviews ((RGR))

Abstract

The generation of the NW-verging Ribeira belt that fringes the São Francisco craton to the south resulted from collisional episodes dated at 620–605, 605–565, and 535–510 Ma. During these collisional events, micro-continents and magmatic arcs converged and accreted to a continental margin system formed along the previously amalgamated São Francisco-Paranapanema landmass. The São Francisco-Paranapanema collision at around 640–620 Ma led to the development of the Southern Brasilia belt. The Ribeira orogenic front overprinted the pre-existent southern end of east-verging Brasília belt, thereby creating a tectonically very complex interference zone. The Ribeira belt as whole comprises four tectono-stratigraphic terranes: the Occidental, Paraíba do Sul, Oriental, and Cabo Frio terranes. The Occidental terrane, representing the external sector of the belt, involves the reworked cratonic basement (Archean and Paleoproterozoic orthogneisses and orthogranulites), Mesoproterozoic intra-cratonic basins and a Neoproterozoic passive margin unit (Andrelândia Group). The uppermost unit of the Andrelândia Group is regarded to be deposited in an active margin setting and sourced by a magmatic arc installed in the Paranapanema plate. The Paraíba do Sul terrane, composed of an Archean-Paleoproterozoic basement, Neoproterozoic metasedimentary units, and a continental magmatic arc (the 640–595 Ma Serra da Bolívia complex), accreted to southeastern sector of the craton margin between 620 and 605 Ma. Afterwards, the juvenile to immature magmatic arc of the Oriental terrane (860–620 Ma Rio Negro and Serra da Prata complexes) collided to proto-Ribeira belt. The crustal thickening resulting from these collisions gave rise to widespread generation of I, S and hybrid granites that intrudes both basement and cover units in the most deformed sectors of the belt. The Cambrian (535–510 Ma) docking of the Cabo Frio terrane (an Angola craton fragment) reworked the previous accreted terranes, generating large scale folds and dextral transpresional shear zones that reached the SFC margin. Finally, a vigorous bimodal magmatic event associated with transtensional deformation episodes characterizes the orogenic collapse of the belt and marks its stabilization in the interior of the Gondwana supercontinent.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank the following funding agencies and companies of Brazil for the research support: CNPq, Faperj, CPRM and Petrobras. The chapter is a contribution to the IGCP 648 project. We also thank U. Cordani and F. Alkmim for the revisions that improve the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tektos Research Group, Faculdade de Geologia, Universidade do Estado Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, Bloco A-4020, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 20.550-900, Brazil

    Monica Heilbron, Claudio Morisson Valeriano, Júlio Cesar H. Almeida, Miguel Tupinambá & L. G. Eirado Silva

  2. Depto de Geologia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Av. Athos Da Silveira 274-CCMN-Bloco G, Campus Ilha do Fundão-Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, 21949-000, Brazil

    André Ribeiro, Fábio V. Paciullo & Rudolph Johannes A. Trouw

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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Monica Heilbron .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil

    Monica Heilbron

  2. Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Maracana, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Umberto G. Cordani

  3. Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Brazil

    Fernando F. Alkmim

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Heilbron, M. et al. (2017). The Ribeira Belt. In: Heilbron, M., Cordani, U., Alkmim, F. (eds) São Francisco Craton, Eastern Brazil. Regional Geology Reviews. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01715-0_15

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