Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Metropolitan Area Networks

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Performance Analysis of Computer Networks

  • 1444 Accesses

Abstract

With some of the characteristics of LANs and some reflecting WANs, the metropolitan area network (MAN) technology embraces the best features of both. The motivations for MAN technology include the need for: (1) interconnection of LANs, (2) high-speed services, and (3) integrated services. The proliferation of LANs and the need for connecting them has brought MANs to the fore. The increasing customer demand for high-speed services has spawned the search for new technologies with wideband transport capabilities. For example, it is important that a travel agent gets prompt responses from the host computer when making airline reservations. The salary of the agent depends on high speed data communication.

Experience is the worst teacher; it gives the test before presenting the lesson.

—Vernon Law

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. M. N. O. Sadiku, Metropolitan Area Networks. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1995, p. 3.

    Google Scholar 

  2. M. N. O. Sadiku and S. M. Musa, Computer Communication for Metropolitan and Wide Area Networks. New York: Nova Science Publishers, 2010, p. 4.

    Google Scholar 

  3. J. F. Mollenauer, “Standards for Metropolitan Area Networks,” IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 26, no. 4, 1988, pp. 15-19.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. C. Smythe, Internetworking: Designing the Right Architectures. Wokingham, U.K.: Addison-Wesley, 1995, pp. 171-318.

    Google Scholar 

  5. E. Taylor, McGraw-Hill Internetworking. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2nd ed., 1998, pp. 569-628, 647-673.

    Google Scholar 

  6. R. C. Dixon and D. A. Pitt, “Addressing, Bridging, and Source Routing,” IEEE Network, vol. 2, no. 1, Jan. 1988, pp. 25-32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. W. M. Seifert, “Bridges and Routers,” IEEE Network, vol. 2, no. 1, Jan. 1988, pp. 57-64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. M. Gerla and L. Kleinrock, “Congestion Control in Interconnected LANs,” IEEE Network, vol. 2, no. 1, Jan. 1988, pp. 72-76.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. R. Kuruppillai and N. Bengtson, “Performance Analysis in Local Area Networks of Interconnected Token Rings,” Computer Communications, vol. 11, no. 2, April 1988, pp. 59-64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. O. C. Ibe and X. Cheng, “Analysis of Interconnected Systems of Token Ring Networks,” Computer Communications, vol. 13, no. 3, 1990, pp. 136-142.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. O. C. Ibe and X. Cheng, “Approximate Analysis of Asymmetric Single-Service Token-Passing Systems,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 37, no. 6, June 1989, pp. 572-577.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. W. Bux and D. Gillo, “Flow Control in Local Area Networks of Interconnected Token Rings,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 33, no. 10, October 1985, pp. 1058-1066.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. I. Rubin and J. K. Lee, “Performance Analysis of Interconnected Metropolitan Area Circuit-Switched Telecommunications Networks,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 36, no. 2, Feb. 1988, pp. 171-185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. I. Stavrakakis and D. Kazakos, “Performance Analysis of a Star Topology of Interconnected Networks Under 2nd-Order Markov Network Output Processes,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 38, no. 10, Oct. 1990, pp. 1724-1731.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. B. Berg and R. H. Deng, “End-to-end Performance of Interconnected LANs,” Computer Communications, vol. 14, no. 2, March 1991, pp. 105-112.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. G. S. Poo, “Performance Measurement of Interconnected CSMA/CD LANs,” Computer Communications, vol. 12, no. 1, Feb. 1989, pp. 3-9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. T. Kaneko, S. Hosokawa, and K. Yamashita, “An Interconnection Method for Two CSMA/CD LANs,” Memoirs of the Faculty of Engineering, Osaka City University, vol. 29, 1988, pp. 81-89.

    Google Scholar 

  18. G. M. Exley and L. F. Merakos, “Throughput-Delay Performance of Interconnected CSMA Local Area Networks,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, vol. 5, no. 9, Dec. 1987, pp. 1380-1390.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. M. Murata and H. Takagi, “Performance of Token Ring Networks with a Finite Capacity Bridge,” Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, vol. 24, 1992, pp. 45-64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. D. Everitt, “Simple Approximation for token rings,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol. 34, no. 7, July 1986, pp. 719-721.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  21. S. Murad, “Performance Analysis of Interconnected LANs,” M.S. Thesis, Department of Electrical Engr., Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, May 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  22. P. A. Baziana and I. E. Pountourakis, “An efficient metropolitan WDR ring architecture for a slotted transmission technique,” Journal of Lightwave Technology, vol. 26, no. 10, Oct. 2008, pp. 3307-3317.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Y. Chi, L. Zhengbin, and X. Anshi, “Dual-fiber-link for metropolitan area networks: modeling, analysis and performance evaluation,” Proc. of IEEE GLOBECOM, 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  24. H. Lee et al., “Performance analysis of random access in IEEE 802.16m system,” Proc. of ICTC, 2010, pp. 185-190.

    Google Scholar 

  25. T. Atmaca and T. D. Nguyen, “Delay analysis and queue-length distribution of a slotted metro network using embedded DTMC,” Proc. of IEEE GLOBECOM, 2010.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Roy. G. Perry College of Engineering Prairie View A&M University, Prairie View, TX, USA

    Matthew N. O. Sadiku & Sarhan M. Musa

Authors
  1. Matthew N. O. Sadiku
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Sarhan M. Musa
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Problems

Problems

  1. 7.1

    Give two reasons for building MANs using internetworking devices.

  2. 7.2

    (a) Describe a repeater as an interconnecting device? It is a hardware or software device?

    (b) How is a repeater different from a bridge?

  3. 7.3

    Explain the three basic functions of a bridge: forwarding, filtering, and learning.

  4. 7.4

    Two token rings operating at 16 Mbps are connected by a bridge. If each frame transmitted is 176 bits, calculate the number of frames/second the bridge can handle. Repeat the calculation if the transmission rate is 4 Mbps.

  5. 7.5

    Compare bridges and routers. When should they each be used?

  6. 7.6

    Describe three internetworking devices and specify the limitations of each.

  7. 7.7

    In a home, a coaxial cable interconnects audiovisual devices, while a twisted pair is used for controlling general purpose devices such as cooking machine, heater, and washing machine. What kind of interconnecting device can be used to connect the twisted pair and coaxial cable media to provide a low cost solution?

  8. 7.8

    Write a computer program to find the normalized delays in a system of interconnected token rings based on the data provided in Example 7.2.

    (a) Reproduce the result in Table 7.4 and plot normalized Darb versus ρ 1 for ring 2.

    (b) Reproduce the result in Table 7.6 and plot normalized Dlocal versus ρ 1 = 0.1, 0.2, …, 0.9.

  9. 7.9

    (a) Write a computer program to reproduce the result in Table 7.5 and plot normalized Dremote versus ρ 1 for ring 2.

    (b) For ring 4, calculate normalized Dremote versus ρ 1 = 0.1, 0.2, …, 0.9 and plot the data.

  10. 7.10

    For ring 3, calculate normalized Dremote versus ρ 1 = 0.1, 0.2, …, 0.9 and plot the data.

  11. 7.11

    Show that when no station receives service (Nk = 1), w1k in Eq. (7.16) becomes

    $$ {w}_{1k}=\frac{\Lambda_k{b}_{1k}^{(2)}}{2\left(1-{\rho}_{1k}\right)}+\frac{r_{1k}^{(2)}}{2{r}_{1k}} $$

    which is the exact solution for the symmetric polling system with exhaustive service.

  12. 7.12

    For a symmetric single-service polling system, ρ 1k  = 0 = r 1k . Obtain the corresponding expression for w2k.

  13. 7.13

    Reproduce the entries in Table 7.2 using Eqs. (7.2) and (7.3).

  14. 7.14

    Reproduce the entries in Table 7.3 using Eqs. (7.11)–(7.13) and (7.19).

  15. 7.15

    Consider an interconnected token ring network with three rings each having 10 stations and 1 bridge. Let λ 1 = λ 2 = λ 3 = λ. Assuming routing probabilities shown in Table 7.7, obtain ηk and Λk, k = 1, 2, 3 in terms of λ.

    Table 7.7 Routing probabilities qkl for Prob. 7.15
    Full size table

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sadiku, M.N.O., Musa, S.M. (2013). Metropolitan Area Networks. In: Performance Analysis of Computer Networks. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01646-7_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01646-7_7

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-01645-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-01646-7

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation