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Water Balance Model

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Analysis and Modelling of Water Supply and Demand Under Climate Change, Land Use Transformation and Socio-Economic Development

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Abstract

The water balance model, which was used to simulate the water balance and water distribution, consists of several modules, each describing one part of the hydrological system: Bare soil evaporation, transpiration by vegetation, processes related to ice and snow (snow accumulation and snow melt), surface runoff, groundwater recharge, and finally river runoff at the catchment outlet. These are described in the next sections, then the model sensitivity and uncertainty is assessed to identify the most important parameters for which the according input dataset are described. Before applying the water balance model, its accuracy is evaluated with different measures and against other datasets and model results.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    If the computing time was limited, a factorial set up could have been introduced, where only a given number of ‘levels’ are chosen for each parameter or possible interaction among factors are examined (cf. [50, 52]). However, this was not necessary as the uncertainty was only run for one point and not the raster data set.

  2. 2.

    Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer.

  3. 3.

    Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission.

  4. 4.

    http://lpdaac.usgs.gov/get_data, accessed 15.07.2009.

  5. 5.

    http://earthexplorer.usgs.gov/, accessed 15.07.2009.

  6. 6.

    http://glcf.umiacs.umd.edu/data/srtm/index.shtml, accessed 31.01.2008.

  7. 7.

    The data is available for over 9,000 stations, including many airport and additional city locations worldwide, and provides daily summaries for mean, min, max, and dewpoint temperature, wind speed, pressure, visibility, precipitation and snowdepth (http://hurricane.ncdc.noaa.gov/cdo/info.html#GSOD, accessed 08.09.2011).

  8. 8.

    http://glovis.usgs.gov/, accessed 4.10.2009.

  9. 9.

    http://www.worldclim.org/, accessed 24.05.2010.

  10. 10.

    http://mirador.gsfc.nasa.gov/collections/TRMM_3B43__006.shtml, accessed 08.09.2011.

  11. 11.

    http://mirador.gsfc.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/mirador/presentNavigation.pl?project=TRMM&tree=project, accessed 24.05.2010.

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    Katharina Fricke

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Fricke, K. (2014). Water Balance Model. In: Analysis and Modelling of Water Supply and Demand Under Climate Change, Land Use Transformation and Socio-Economic Development. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01610-8_3

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