Abstract
Visible light has the potential to serve as a sustainable, clean, economical and abundant source of energy. Visible light-induced electron transfer reactions are thus widely used in nature. Photosynthetic organisms absorb visible light by antenna proteins containing chromophores. Subsequent photon-induced electron transfers generate charge-separated states which are used to prepare various high-energy molecules required to fuel organisms. The progressive elucidation of the molecular mechanisms of photosynthesis has raised tremendous hopes that efficient means would be found for artificial conversion of solar energy. Thus, one century ago, Professor Ciamician (University of Bologna), one of the pioneer in photochemistry forecasted: “The photochemical processes, that hitherto have been guarded secret of the plants, will have been mastered by human industry which will know how to make them bear even more abundant fruit than nature, for nature is not in a hurry but mankind is”.
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- 1.
Generally for ketones λmax absorption ~280 nm, for non-conjugated alkenes λmax absorption ~180 nm.
- 2.
Image inspired from http://www.dlt.ncssm.edu/
- 3.
The free energy changes ΔG involved in such redox reactions can be calculated by: \(\Updelta {\text{G}}_{\text{ox}} \left( {\text{eV}} \right) = - {\text{F}}/{\text{N}}_{\text{A}} (0. 8 4-{\text{EQ}}/{\text{Q}}^{ \bullet - } ) \) or \( \Updelta {\text{G}}_{\text{red}} \left( {\text{eV}} \right) = - {\text{F}}/{\text{N}}_{\text{A}} ({\text{EQ}}/{\text{Q}}^{ \bullet + } + 0.86) \). With F (Faraday constant) = 96 485 C/mol and NA (Avogadro constant) = 6,022 × 1023 mol−1.
- 4.
Standard redox potential for N-alkyl-2,3-dihydrobenzothiazole 6 is −0.33 V.
- 5.
Evidence for the formation of carbocation intermediate was obtained by isolation of a furan side product when 4-penten-1-ol was used as the olefin. Furthermore, alkyl radicals are known to be easily oxidized (+0.47 V vs SCE in MeCN for \( {\text{Me}}_{ 2} {\text{CH}}^{ \bullet } \)).
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Larraufie, MH. (2014). Bibliographical Backgrounds: Generation of Radicals by Visible Light Photoredox Catalysis. In: Development of New Radical Cascades and Multi-Component Reactions. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01324-4_4
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