Skip to main content

X-ray Reflectivity Studies of Ion Condensation at the Electrified Liquid/Liquid Interface

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Ion Correlations at Electrified Soft Matter Interfaces

Part of the book series: Springer Theses ((Springer Theses))

  • 495 Accesses

Abstract

X-ray reflectivity (XR) is a powerful tool to probe the atomic structure of surfaces and interfaces.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Als-Nielsen, J., Pershan, P.: Synchrotron X-ray diffraction study of liquid surfaces. Nucl. Inst. Meth. 208, 545 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Braslau, A., Deutsch, M., Pershan, P., Weiss, A., Als-Nielsen, J., Bohr, J.: Surface roughness of water measured by X-ray reflectivity. Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 114 (1985)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. Braslau, A., Pershan, P.S., Swislow, G., Ocko, B.M., Als-Nielsen, J.: Capillary waves on the surface of simple liquids measured by X-ray reflectivity. Phys. Rev. A 38(5), 2457–2470 (Sep 1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  4. Schwartz, D.K., Schlossman, M.L., Kawamoto, E.H., Kellogg, G.J., Pershan, P.S., Ocko, B.M.: Thermal diffuse X-ray-scattering studies of the water-vapor interface. Phys. Rev. A 41(10), 5687–5690 (1990)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  5. Sinha, S.K., Sirota, E.B., Garoff, S., Stanley, H.B.: X-ray and neutron scattering from rough surfaces. Phys. Rev. B 38, 2297 (1988)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  6. Als-Nielsen, J., McMorrow, D.: Elements of Modern X-ray Physics. Wiley, Hoboken (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Daillant, J., Gibaud, A. (eds.): X-ray and Neutron Reflectivity: Principles and Applications, 2nd edn. Springer, Berlin (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Mitrinovic, D.M., Tikhonov, A.M., Li, M., Huang, Z., Schlossman, M.L.: Noncapillary-wave structure at the water-alkane interface. Phys. Rev. Lett. 85, 582 (2000)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  9. Buff, F.P., Lovett, R.A., Stillinger, F.H.: Interfacial density profile for fluids in the critical region. Phys. Rev. Lett. 15, 621 (1965)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  10. Schlossman, M.L., Li, M., Mitrinovic, D.M., Tikhonov, A.M.: X-ray surface scattering studies of molecular ordering at liquid-liquid interfaces. In: Stock, S., Perry, D., Mini, S. (eds.) Applications of Synchrotron Radiation Techniques to Materials Science V, p. 165. Materials Research Society, Warrendale (2000)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Schlossman, M.L., Mitrinovic, D.M., Zhang, Z., Li, M., Huang, Z.: X-ray scattering from single liquid-liquid interfaces. Synchrotron Radiat. News 12, 53–58 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Luo, G., Malkova, S., Yoon, J., Schultz, D.G., Lin, B., Meron, M., Benjamin, I., Vanysek, P., Schlossman, M.L.: Ion distributions near a liquid-liquid interface. Science 311, 216–218 (2006)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. Luo, G., Malkova, S., Yoon, J., Schultz, D.G., Lin, B., Meron, M., Benjamin, I., Vanysek, P., Schlossman, M.L.: Ion distributions at the nitrobenzene-water interface electrified by a common ion. J. Electroanal. Chem. 593, 142–158 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Laanait, N., Yoon, J., Hou, B., Vanysek, P., Meron, M., Lin, B., Luo, G., Benjamin, I., Schlossman, M.: Communications: monovalent ion condensations at the electrified liquid/liquid interface. J. Chem. Phys. 132, 171101 (2010)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  15. Fenter, P., Sturchio, N.C.: Mineral-water interfacial structures revealed by synchrotron X-ray scattering. Prog. Surf. Sci. 77(5–8), 171–258 (2004)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  16. Schlossman, M.L., Synal, D., Guan, Y., Meron, M., Shea-McCarthy, G., Huang, Z., Acero, A., Williams, S.M., Rice, S.A., Viccaro, P.J.: A synchrotron X-ray liquid surface spectrometer. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 68, 4372–4384 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  17. Pershan, P. Schlossman, M.: Liquid Surfaces and Interfaces: Synchrotron X-ray Methods. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Paratt, L.: Surface studies of solids by total reflection of X-rays. Phys. Rev. 95(2), 359–369 (1954)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  19. Parratt, L.G.: Surface studies of solids by total reflection of X-rays. Phys. Rev. 95, 359 (1954)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  20. Wick, C.D., Dang, L.X.: Recent advances in understanding transfer ions across aqueous interfaces. Chem. Phys. Lett. 458, 1–5 (2008)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  21. Hou, B.: Ion distributions at electrified liquid-liquid interfaces: an agreement between X-ray reflectivity analysis and macroscopic measurements. Doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Chicago (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  22. Safran, S.A.: Statistical Thermodynamics of Surfaces, Interfaces, and Membranes. Addison-Wesley Publishing Co., Reading (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Luo, G., Malkova, S., Pingali, S.V., Schultz, D.G., Lin, B., Meron, M., Benjamin, I., Vanysek, P., Schlossman, M.L.: Structure of the interface between two polar liquids: nitrobenzene and water. J. Phys. Chem. B 110, 4527–4530 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Leveiller, F., Jacquemain, D., Lahav, M., Leiserowitz, L., Deutsch, M., Kjaer, K., Als-Nielsen, J.: Crystallinity of the double layer of Cadmium arachidate films at the water surface. Science 252, 1532 (1991)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  25. Borukhov, I., Andelman, D., Orland, H.: Steric effects in electrolytes: a modified Poisson-Boltzmann equation. Phys. Rev. Lett. 79, 435 (1997)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  26. Groot, R.D.: Ion condensation on solid particles: theory and simulations. J. Chem. Phys. 95(12), 9191 (1991)

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nouamane Laanait .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Laanait, N. (2013). X-ray Reflectivity Studies of Ion Condensation at the Electrified Liquid/Liquid Interface. In: Ion Correlations at Electrified Soft Matter Interfaces. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00900-1_4

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics