Abstract
The results of literature experimental and theoretical investigations of phase equilibria in the W–C system and of the crystal and electronic structures of WC, \(\mathrm{{WC}}_{1-x}\), and \(\mathrm{{W}}_{2}\mathrm{{C}}\) tungsten carbides are generalized. The sequence of possible phase transformations associated with ordering of lower hexagonal carbide \(\mathrm{{W}}_{2}\mathrm{{C}}\) is discussed preliminary. The generalized information on the phase equilibria in the ternary system W–Co–C, which is the basis for the synthesis of hardmetals WC–Co, is given. Methods of synthesis of tungsten carbides and WC–Co hardmetals are considered. Modern methods for the preparing nanocrystalline WC tungsten carbide and nanostructured hard alloys are discussed as well as their structures and properties.
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Kurlov, A.S., Gusev, A.I. (2013). Phases and Equilibria in the W–C and W–Co–C Systems. In: Tungsten Carbides. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 184. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00524-9_2
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