Abstract
Over the last couple of years, applications that support navigation and wayfinding in indoor spaces have become one of the booming industries. However, the algorithmic development to support indoor navigation has so far been left mostly untouched, as most applications mainly rely on adapting Dijkstra’s shortest path algorithm to an indoor network. In outdoor space, several alternative algorithms have been proposed adding a more cognitive notion to the calculated paths and as such adhering to the natural wayfinding behaviour (e.g. simplest paths, least risk paths). The need for indoor cognitive algorithms is highlighted by a more challenged navigation and orientation due to the specific indoor structure (e.g. fragmentation, less visibility, confined areas…). Therefore, the aim of this research is to extend those richer cognitive algorithms to three-dimensional indoor environments. More specifically for this chapter, we will focus on the application of the least risk path algorithm of Grum (2005) to an indoor space. The algorithm as proposed by Grum (2005) is duplicated and tested in a complex multi-storey building. The results of several least risk path calculations are compared to their equivalent shortest paths in terms of path length, improvement in route description complexity and riskiness of the selected edges. The tests lead to the conclusion that the original least risk path algorithm has to be adjusted to be more compatible with the specificities of indoor spaces. Therefore, several adjustments and improvements to the original algorithm are proposed which will be implemented in future work, in an effort to improve the overall user experience during navigation in indoor environments.
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Acknowledgments
Financial support from the Flanders Research Foundation (FWO-Vlaanderen) is gratefully acknowledged. Many thanks also to the reviewers for their constructive comments on the initial chapter presented at the 8th 3D Geo-Info conference (Istanbul, 2013). The use of the building CAD files was kindly permitted by the Department of Infrastructure and Facility Management of Ghent University.
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Vanclooster, A., De Maeyer, P., Fack, V., Van de Weghe, N. (2014). Calculating Least Risk Paths in 3D Indoor Space. In: Isikdag, U. (eds) Innovations in 3D Geo-Information Sciences. Lecture Notes in Geoinformation and Cartography. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00515-7_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00515-7_2
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