Abstract
Nowadays the planet is experimenting a fast growth in energy consumption and, simultaneously, a reduction in the amount of natural resources, especially in fossil fuels.
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Notes
- 1.
ITER is an experimental fusion device in construction, see Chap. 3.
- 2.
Stellarators are a family of fusion devices, see Chap. 4.
- 3.
TJ-II is an experimental device built at CIEMAT, see Sect. 4.1.2.
- 4.
For example, in a 3D phase space:
$$\begin{aligned} f(t,x_1) = \int \mathrm{d }x_2 \mathrm{d }x_3\, J(x_2, x_3) f(t, x_1, x_2, x_3). \end{aligned}$$(1.10) - 5.
The most promising theory to explain turbulence in plasmas is the Gyrokinetic Theory [12].
- 6.
When an index variable appears twice (as a subscript and a superscript) in the same expression it implies that we are summing over all of its possible values. For instance: \(a^i b_i = \sum _i a^i b_i\). Partial derivatives are denoted by a comma: \(f(\mathbf{x })_{,i}=\partial f(\mathbf{x }) / \partial x^i\). See [1] for the covariant and contravariant character of the tensors.
- 7.
In Physics it is usual to normalize \(f\) to the total number of particles of the system: \(\int \mathrm{d }x f(x)=N\).
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de Bustos Molina, A. (2013). Introduction. In: Kinetic Simulations of Ion Transport in Fusion Devices. Springer Theses. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00422-8_1
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