Abstract
The work of occupational therapists to do with ordinary-everyday activities of others is ambivalently represented. Indeed current notions of ‘regulated evidence’ and ‘wise practice’ can present clashing traditions for occupational therapists. Writing practice differently since the 1980s, I am interested in internal and external representations of lived bodies in practice. This chapter, about the role that representations(s) might play in better understanding practice and the body, draws on selected moments of my occupational therapy work from the 1980s. Each fictive re-telling of a selected article from my body of work placed in dialogue with a corresponding tale was presented in a portfolio of autoethnographic tales of sexuality, food and death. The excerpts in this chapter show the socio-material comportment of a 30-something occupational therapist going about her youth-specific practice in a paediatric hospital. Having a woman’s lived and practising body located in the foreground of these autoethnographic re-tellings provides a series of unexpected (re)presentations of professional practice. Professional comportment is disciplined and shaped through a series of experiences of comfort and discomfort occurring within, on and around a lived and practised body, as well as what inter-professional others notice about each other’s demeanour and conduct on a hospital ward.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
For example, later in the chapter, the hands are represented in a tale of sexuality and the therapist character’s limit-setting eyebrows feature in a tale of food.
- 2.
Notions of occupational therapist as ‘transporter’ and her folkloric potential as a ‘gypsy nomad’ are taken up later in the chapter.
- 3.
Examples from the food-related practice of the therapist character ‘Sally’s’ sensory preferences for smell and taste occur later in the chapter.
- 4.
Integral to the approach to embodied writing taken during my autoethnographic doctorate was that my tales of practice were in dialogue with selected published articles from a body of work. I refer to body in the sense of a body of writing, an assemblage of 25 years of published writings that coheres as a whole, a ‘body of writing’. Both the institutional body of the hospital and my body of published work ‘figure as metaphor, literally as trope’ (Green and Hopwood, Chap. 2 this volume) in this chapter.
- 5.
First, as an experienced therapist anticipating motherhood; second, becoming an academic at an inland university; and, third, becoming a doctoral student.
- 6.
French is the colonial language spoken in Noumea. In French, menstruation can be translated literally as ‘the moment of the moon’, so in the tale the moon is emblematic of menstrual time. The moon is also considered as a celestial body.
- 7.
Page numbers for this and subsequent excerpts are from Denshire (2009).
- 8.
Recently, I asked a second-year class of occupational therapy students what the term ‘gypsy nomad’ meant to them. A forthcoming student replied: ‘Oh that’s an old person who travels around’ (i.e., what the media refer to as a ‘grey nomad’). Perhaps as a 60-year-old academic (feeling young, looking older) I seemed a soon-to-be ‘grey nomad’ in her eyes? I suggested that a ‘nomad’ could actually be someone of any age who moved around, and that a ‘gypsy’ is a person kept outside the dominant culture. This inter-generational dialogue between occupational therapy student and her teacher felt both awkward and productive. Other students also objected to the ‘gypsy nomad’ image of an occupational therapist because, they said, ‘gypsy nomad’ suggested that you ‘didn’t belong’, ‘that you weren’t stable’ or ‘part of the team’. Nevertheless, mobile, unsettled practitioners in colourful garb have often been the case for practising occupational therapists, as a kind of stereotype. It was like this for me in the 1980s, and may still be the case for practitioners now, on the margins in new or controversial practice areas, in an increasingly regulated profession.
- 9.
The Turkish words for ‘mother’ and ‘father’.
- 10.
For someone without hands or someone unable to use them, hands may be little more than the symbol that an able body is the norm (Hammell 2009).
- 11.
For further details on this autoethnographic methodology, see Denshire and Lee (2013).
References
Anderson, B., & Bell, J. (1988). Occupational therapy: Its place in Australia’s history. Sydney: NSW Association of Occupational Therapists.
Barnitt, R. (1998). The virtuous therapist. In J. Creek (Ed.), Occupational therapy: New perspectives (pp. 77–98). London: Whurr.
Behar, R. (1996). The vulnerable observer: Anthropology that breaks your heart. Boston: Beacon.
Borthwick, F. (2006). Noisy, smelly, dirty dogs: A sensorial autoethnography of living with dogs. ACSPRI 2006 Social Science Methodology Conference, New Ethnographies and Critical Creativity Stream. The University of Sydney.
Boyt Schell, B. A., & Harris, D. (2008). Embodiment: Reasoning with the whole body. In A. B. Boyt Schell & J. W. Boyt Schell (Eds.), Clinical and professional reasoning in occupational therapy (pp. 69–88). Maryland: Lippincott/Williams & Wilkins.
Bradley, B. (2009). Re-thinking experience in professional practice: Lessons from clinical psychology. In B. Green (Ed.), Understanding and researching professional practice (pp. 65–82). Rotterdam: Sense.
Bruni, N. (2002). The crisis of visibility: Ethical dilemmas in autoethnographic research. Qualitative Research Journal, 2(1), 24–33.
Carlson, G. (2002). Supporting the health and well-being of people with intellectual disability and high support needs through networking and resource development. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 49, 37–43. doi:10.1046/j.0045-0766.2002.00285.x.
Church, K. (1995). Forbidden narratives: Critical autobiography as social science. Newark: Gordon & Breach.
Clark, F., Ennevor, B. L., et al. (1996). A grounded theory of techniques for occupational story telling and occupational story making. In R. Zemke & F. Clark (Eds.), Occupational science: The evolving discipline (pp. 373–392). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
Clough, P. (2002). Narratives and fictions in educational research. Buckingham/Philadelphia: Open University Press.
de Certeau, M. (1984). The practice of everyday life. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Denshire, S. (1985). Normal spaces in abnormal places: The significance of environment in occupational therapy with hospitalised teenagers. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 32(4), 142–149. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1630.1985.tb01513.x.
Denshire, S. (1996). A decade of creative occupation: The production of a youth arts archive in a hospital site. Journal of Occupational Science: Australia, 3(3), 93–98.
Denshire, S. (2005). ‘This is a hospital, not a circus!’ Reflecting on generative metaphors for a deeper understanding of professional practice. International Journal of Critical Psychology, (13: Critical Professionals), 158–178.
Denshire, S. (2009). Writing the ordinary: Auto-ethnographic tales of an occupational therapist. Unpublished PhD, The University of Technology, Sydney.
Denshire, S. (2011). ‘Le moment de la lune’. An auto-ethnographic tale of practice about menarche in a children’s hospital. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 58, 270–275. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1630.2011.00929.x.
Denshire, S. (2012, May 9–11). Orchestrating a surprise party – A twice-told tale of derided interventions in the ‘heartland of medicine’. Paper presented at the ProPEL international conference – Professional Practice in Troubling Times: Emergent Practices and Transgressive Knowledges. Scotland: Stirling.
Denshire, S., & Lee, A. (2013). Autoethnography as assemblage: accounts of occupational therapy practice. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 12, 221–236.
Didion, J. (2005). The year of magical thinking. London: Fourth Estate.
Ellingson, L. (2006). Embodied knowledge: Writing researchers’ bodies into qualitative health research. Qualitative Health Research, 16(2), 298–310.
Fenwick, T., Richards., et al. (2011). Introduction: Why sociomateriality in education? In Emerging approaches in educational research: Tracing the sociomaterial (pp. 1–17). Abingdon/Oxon: Milton Park/Routledge.
Fleming, M. H. (1994). A commonsense practice in an uncommon world. In C. Mattingly & M. H. Fleming (Eds.), Clinical reasoning: Forms of inquiry in a therapeutic practice (pp. 94–115). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
Fortune, T. (2000). Occupational therapists: Is our therapy truly occupational or are we merely filling gaps? British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 63(5), 225–230.
Foucault, M. (1975). The birth of the clinic: An archaeology of medical perception. New York: Random House.
Foucault, M. (1979). Discipline and punish: The birth of the prison. New York: Vintage Books.
Foucault, M. (1980). Power/ knowledge: Selected interviews and other writings 1972–1977. New York: Pantheon.
Foucault, M. (1992). The history of sexuality. Volume 3: The care of the self. London: Penguin.
Frank, A. (2004). The renewal of generosity: Illness, medicine, and how to live. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.
Green, B. (2009). The primacy of practice and the problem of representation. In B. Green (Ed.), Understanding and researching professional practice (pp. 39–54). Rotterdam: Sense.
Grilli, G. (2007). Myth, symbol and meaning in Mary Poppins: The governess as provocateur. New York: Routledge.
Hacking, I. (1983). Representing and intervening: Introductory topics in the philosophy of natural science. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Hammell, K. W. (2009). Sacred texts: A skeptical exploration of the assumptions underpinning theories of occupation. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 76(1), 6–13.
Hasselkus, B. (1993). Death in very old age: A personal journey of care-giving. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 47, 717–723. doi:10.5014/ajot.47.8.717.
Hasselkus, B. R. (2006). The world of everyday occupation: Real people real lives. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 60(6), 627–641. doi:10.5014/ajot.60.6.627.
Kamler, B. (2001). Relocating the personal: A critical writing pedagogy. Albany: State University of New York Press.
Kinsella, E. A. (2006). Poetic resistance: Juxtaposing personal and professional discursive constructions in a practice setting. Journal of the Canadian Association for Curriculum Studies, 4(1), 35–49.
Law, M., Cooper, B., et al. (1996). The Person-Environment-Occupation Model: A transactive approach to occupational performance. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 63(1), 9–22. doi:10.1177/000841749606300103.
Lee, A., & Dunston, R. (2011, October). Practice, learning and change: Towards a theorisation of professional education. Teaching in Higher Education, 16(5), 483–494. doi:10.1080/13562517.2011.580840.
Mackey, H. (2007). ‘Do not ask me to remain the same’: Foucault and the professional identities of occupational therapists. Australian Occupational Therapy Journal, 54(2), 95–102. doi:10.1111/j.1440-1630.2006.00609.x.
Mattingly, C. (1994a). Occupational therapy as a two-body practice: The body as machine. In C. Mattingly & M. H. Fleming (Eds.), Clinical reasoning: Forms of inquiry in a therapeutic practice (pp. 37–63). Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
Mattingly, C. (1994b). Occupational therapy as a two-body practice: The lived body. In C. Mattingly & M. H. Fleming (Eds.), Clinical reasoning: Forms of inquiry in a therapeutic practice (pp. 64–93). Philadelphia: F.A. Davis.
Merleau-Ponty, M. (2006). Phenomenology of perception. New York: Routledge. (Original work published 1945)
Moon, B. (2004). Literary terms: A practical glossary. Scarborough: Chalkface Press.
OT Australia. (2005). Issues paper to the Productivity Commission Health Workforce Study. Melbourne, Prepared by OT Australia (Australian Association of Occupational Therapists).
Park Lala, A., & Kinsella, E. A. (2011). Embodiment in research practices: The body in qualitative research. In A. Titchen, J. Higgs, D. Horsfall, & D. Bridges (Eds.), Creative spaces for qualitative researching: Living research (pp. 1–10). Rotterdam: Sense.
Polatjako, H., Davis, J., et al. (2007). Specifying the domain of concern: Occupation as core. In E. Townsend & H. Polatajko (Eds.), Enabling occupation II: Advancing an occupational therapy vision for health, well-being, and justice through occupation (pp. 9–36). Ottawa: CAOT Publications ACE.
Pratt, M. L. (1991). Arts of the contact zone. Profession 91, Modern Languages Association (pp. 33–40).
Reed-Danahay, D. E. (Ed.). (1997). Auto/ethnography: Rewriting the self and writing the social. Oxford: Berg.
Reilly, M. (1962). Occupational therapy can be one of the great ideas of 20th century medicine. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, XVI(1), 1–9.
Schatzki, T. (2002). The site of the social: A philosophical account of the constitution of social life and change. University Park: The Pennsylvania State University Press.
Schofield, D., & Fletcher, S. (2007). The physiotherapy workforce is ageing, becoming more masculinised and is working longer hours: A demographic study. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 53(2), 121–126.
Selby, J. (2005). Editorial: Subjectivity as critical fulcrum, Professional practice as dilemma. International Journal of Critical Psychology, (Issue 13: Critical Professionals), 5–13.
Somerville, M. (1999). Body/landscape journals. North Melbourne: Spinifex.
Somerville, M. (2007). Postmodern emergence. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 20(2), 225–243. doi:10.1080/09518390601159750.
Thibeault, R. (1997). A funeral for my father’s mind: A therapist’s attempt at grieving. Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy, 64(3), 107–114. doi:10.1177/000841749706400306.
Townsend, E. (1998). Good intentions overruled: A critique of empowerment in the routine organization of mental health services. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Vick, M. (2000). What does a teacher look like? Paedogogica Historica, 36(1), 247–266. doi:10.1080/0030923000360112.
White, S. (2003). Autoethnography – An appropriate methodology? Qualitative Research Journal, 3(2), 22–32.
Whiteford, G., & Wright-St Clair, V. (2002). Being prepared for diversity in practice: Occupational therapy students’ perceptions of valuable intercultural learning experiences. British Journal of Occupational Therapy, 65(3), 129–137.
Witz, A. (1992). Professions and patriarchy. London: Routledge.
Young, I. M. (2005a). Lived body vs gender: Reflections on social structure and subjectivity. On female body experience: ‘Throwing like a girl’ and other essays (pp. 12–26). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Young, I. M. (2005b). Throwing like a girl: A phenomenology of feminine body comportment, motility and spatiality. On female body experience: ‘Throwing like a girl’ and other essays (pp. 27–45). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Denshire, S. (2015). Looking Like an Occupational Therapist: (Re)presentations of Her Comportment within Autoethnographic Tales. In: Green, B., Hopwood, N. (eds) The Body in Professional Practice, Learning and Education. Professional and Practice-based Learning, vol 11. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00140-1_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00140-1_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-00139-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-00140-1
eBook Packages: Humanities, Social Sciences and LawEducation (R0)