Zusammenfassung
Schwere Brandverletzungen führen zu einer katabolen Stoffwechselsituation, die mit einem massiven Muskelabbau und Proteinverlust einhergeht. Ursächlich für die Veränderung der Stoffwechsellage ist eine ausgeprägte hypermetabolische Reaktion, die zu einem erhöhten Energieverbrauch von bis zu 100% über dem Normalwert führt. Vor Einführung einer routinemäßig durchgeführten enteralen oder parenteralen Ernährung verloren schwer brandverletzte Patienten innerhalb weniger Wochen 15–20% ihrer fettfreien Körpermasse (Lean Body Mass). Dies trug wesentlich zur hohen Sterblichkeitsrate bei. [1,2] Während der Intensivbehandlung resultieren eine suboptimale Ernährung in Bezug auf Kalorien- und Proteinbedarf in einer verlangsamten Wundheilung, einer beschleunigten Katabolie, in Organfehlfunktionen und einer verzögerten Genesung sowie erhöhten Morbidität und Mortalität.
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Al-Mousawi, A., Branski, L.K., Andel, H.L., Jeschke, M.G., Herndon, D.N. (2009). Ernährungstherapie bei Brandverletzten. In: Kamolz, LP., Herndon, D.N., Jeschke, M.G. (eds) Verbrennungen. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-79896-6_16
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