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Angiologie

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Gender Medizin

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Erkrankungen des arteriellen und des venösen Gefäßsystems stehen an der ersten Steüe der Todesursachen und der Behandlungsbedürftigkeit im stationären Bereich. Der Hauptanteil der Erkrankungen des arteriellen Gefäßsystems wird von der Atherosklerose eingenommen. Die Manifestation an den Extremitätenarterien betrifft bis zur 6. Lebensdekade Männer ungefähr drei mal häufiger als Frauen. Mit zunehmendem Alter steigt die pAVK Inzidenz bei den Frauen drastisch an, sodass ab der 7. Lebensdekade kein Geschlechtsunterschied hinsichtlich Prävalenz besteht. Die Perzeption und der Leidensdruck einer pAVK ist bei Frauen deutlich höher als bei Männern. In den Klinischen Studien besteht bislang ein eklatanter Mangel an geschlechtsspezifischer Untersuchungsergebnissen. Daraus resultierend kann bislang keine Differenzierung in der therapeutischen Vorgangsweise oder in der Prophylaxe empfohlen werden. Bei den entzündlichen Arteriopathien ist die Prävalenz bei den Frauen grundsätzlich höher als bei den Männern,allerdings bestehen Unterschiede in Abhängigkeit von der Art der Arteriitis.

Bei den Erkrankungen des venösen Systems stehen die venösen Thromboembolien hinsichtlich Schweregrad und Let alitätsraten an der ersten Stelle. Während generell über das gesamte Lebensalter verteilt kein geschlechtsspezifischer Unterschied in der Prävalenz besteht, weisen Frauen im gebärfähigen Alter jedoch eine deutlich höhere Inzidenz einer venösen Thromboembolie gegenüber gleichaltrigen Männern auf, wobei vor allem die Schwangerschaft und die postpartale Periode wesentliche Faktoren für die Ätiologie darstellen. Zusätzlich besteht eine erhöhte VTE-Inzidenz bei Frauen mit genetischer Thrombophiiie und zusätzliche Einnahme von oralen Kontrazeptiva. In der Prophylaxe und Therapie der VTE Siegen ebenso keine geschlechtsdifferenzierten Studien- bzw. Untersuchungsergebnisse vor.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinische Abteilung für Angiologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, A-8036, Graz

    Univ.-Prof. Dr. E. Pilger

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  1. Univ.-Prof. Dr. E. Pilger
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Sozialmedizin, Medizinische Universität Wien, Österreich

    Anita Rieder

  2. Abteilung für Geschichte, Ethik und Philosophie der Medizin, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Deutschland

    Brigitte Lohff

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Pilger, E. (2008). Angiologie. In: Rieder, A., Lohff, B. (eds) Gender Medizin. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-68290-6_19

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-211-68290-6_19

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