Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Seismicity of the Koyna Region and Regional Tectonomagmatism of the Western Margin (India)

  • Chapter
Induced Seismicity

Part of the book series: Pageoph Topical Volumes ((PTV))

  • 142 Accesses

Abstract

Rcent findings on the Meso-Cenozoic tectonomagmatism and deep-seated anomalous geophysical structures suggest a close linkage between the seismicity of the Koyna region, the Western-ghat uplift (WG-U) and associated thermomechanical and fluid activities. The WG-U seems to be the result of late Cretaceous thermal mobilization, erosion of the Deccan trap cover and superposition of compressional stress. The association of seismicity with uplift seems to result from movement of deep-seated heat and fluids/volatiles along the edges (or boundary faults) of the uplift; because the force required for crustal deformation depends on the relief. Observed gradients in relief may be attributed to the differential erosion-rates and heat inputs, due to the time gap of ~ 50 Ma in the break-ups and plume activities on the eastern and western sides and consequence magmatism. Further, the geology and tectonics strongly indicate that the western margin (WM) is a relic of a mobile arm (MA), that included Madagascar, and which formed a part of the Proterozoic mobile belt of ‘greater India’ (for t > Ma). The mobile nature of the WM facilitates mantle upwellings and transient elevation of isotherms at depth, raising the possibility of intermittent metamorphism and greater deformation.

Superposition of the ongoing compression and uplift-induced forces make local permeability and pore-fluid pressure vital in triggering the seismic slip over the Peninsular shield. Certain representative model calculations have been carried out to estimate change in the e.m. induction characteristics caused by an intermittent hydraulic connectivity. The results show a drop in the resistivity which could be a useful monitoring index. The close connection of uplift and fluid activity as discussed here seems applicable for other active parts of the South Indian Shield (SIS) also.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Reference

  • Anderson, D. L. (1994a), Lithosphere and Flood Basalts, Nature Sci. Corres. 367, 226.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, D. L. (1994b), Komatiites and Picrites: Evidence that the’Plume’ Source is Depleted, Earth and Planet. Sci. Lett. 128, 303–311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, D. L., Zhang, T., and Tanimoto, T. (1992). Plume heads, continental lithosphere, flood basalts and tomography. In Magmatism and the Causes of Continental Break-up (eds. Storey, B. C, Alabaster, T., and Pankhurst, R. J.), Geol. Soc. Spl. Publ. 68, 99–124.

    Google Scholar 

  • Arora, B. R., and Reddy, C. D. (1991), Magnetovariational Study over a Seismically Active Area in the Deccan Trap Province of Western India, Phys. Earth Planet. Int. 66, 118–131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bailey, M. C. (1994), Fluid trapping in Mid-crustal Reservoirs by H 2 O-CO 2 Mixtures, Nature 371, 238–240.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Biswas, S. K., Tectonic framework and evolution of graben basins of India in Rifted Basins and Aulacogens (ed. Casshyap, S. M.) (Gyanodaya Publ. Nainital, India 1993) pp. 18–32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Briggs, R. O. (1993), Effect of Loma Prieta Earthquake on Surface Water in Waddell Valley, Water Resour. Bull. 27, 991–999.

    Google Scholar 

  • Buck, W. R. (1986), Small-scale Convection Induced by Passive Rifting: The Cause for Uplift of Rift Shoulders, Earth and Planet. Sci. Lett. 77, 362–372.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burke, K., and Dewey, J. F. (1973), Plume-generated Triple Junctions: Key Indicators in Applying Plate Tectonics to Old Rocks, J. Geology 81, 406–433.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Campbell, I. H., and Griffiths, R. W. (1990), Implications of Mantle Plume Structure for the Evolution of Flood Basalts, Earth and Planet. Sci. Lett. 99, 79–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chadha, R. K. (1989), Studies on Reservoir-induced Seismicity for Some Cases in Peninsular India, Ph.D. Thesis, Indian School of Mines. Dhanbad, Bihar, India. 201 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chadha, R. K. (1992), Geological Contacts, Thermal Springs and Earthquakes in Peninsular India, Tectonophys. 213, 367–374.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coombs, D. S. (1993), Dehydration Veins in Diagenetic and Very Low-grade Metamorphic Rocks: Features of the Crustal Seismogenic Zone and their Significance to Mineral Facies, J. Metamorphic Geol. 11, 389–399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cox, K. G. (1989), The Role of Mantle Plume in the Development of Continental Drainage Patterns, Nature 342, 873–877.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fyfe, W. S. (1993), Hot Spots, Magma Under plating, and Modification of Continental Crust, Can. J. Earth Sci. 30, 908–912.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gokarn, G., Rao, C. K., Singh, B. P., and Nayak, P. N. (1992), MT Studies across the Kurudwadi Gravity Features, Phys. Earth. Planet. Int. 72, 58–67.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gough, D. I. (1992), Electromagnetic Exploration for Fluid in the Earth’s Crust, Earth Science Rev. 32, 3–18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, H. K. (1992), Reservoir-induced Earthquakes, Dev. in Geotech. Eng. 64, Elsevier. 364.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, H. K., Narain, H., Rastogi, B. K., and Mohan, I. (1969), A Study of the Koyna Earthquake of December 10, 1967, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 59, 1149–1162.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gupta, H. K., Rastogi, B. K., and Narain, H. (1973), A study of earthquakes in the Koyna region and common features of the reservoir-associated seismicity. In Man-made Lakes: Their Problems and Environmental Effects (eds. Ackermann, W. C, White, G. F., and Worthington, E. B.), Am. Geophys. Union, Geophys. Monogr. 17, 455–467.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hyndman, D., Vanyan, L. L., Marquis, G., and Law, L. K. (1993), The Origin of Electrically Conductive Lower Continental Crust: Saline Water or Graphite? Phys. Earth. Planet. Int. 81, 325–344.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Iyer, H. M., Gaur, V.K., Rai, S. S., Ramesh, D. S., Rao, C. V. R., Srinagesh, D., and Suryaprakasham, K. (1989), High Velocity Anomaly beneath the Deccan Volcanic Province: Evidence from Seismic Tomography, Proc. Ind. Acad. Sci. (Earth and Planet. Sci. Section) 98, 31–60.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jai Krishna, Chandrasekharan, A. R., and Saini, S. S. (1969), Analysis of Koyna Accelerograms of December, 11, 1967, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 59, 1719–1731.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jeffery, K. L., Henderson, P., Subbarao, K. V., and Walsh, J. N. (1988), The Zeolites of the Deccan Basalt—A Study of their Distribution. In Deccan Flood Basalts (ed. Subbarao, K. V.), J. Geol. Soc. Ind. Mem. 10, 151–162.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnston, A. C. (1992), Intraplate not Always Stable, Nature 355, 213–214.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jones, A. G. (1992). Electrical properties of the lower continental crust; in continental lower crust. In Developments in Geotectonics 23 (eds. Fountain, D. M., Arculus, R., and Kay, R. W.) (Elsevier 1992), pp. 81–143.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, A. G., Kurtz, R. D., Boerner, D. E., Craven, J. A., McNeice, G. W., Gough, D. I., DeLaurier, J. M., and Ellis, R. G. (1992), Electromagnetic Constraints on Strike-slip Fault Geometry — The Frazer River Fault System, Geology 20, 561–564.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaila, K. L., Krishna, V. G., and Mall, D. M., (1981), Crustal Structure along Mehmadabad-Bil-limora Profile in the Cambay Basin, India from Deep Seismic Soundings, Tectonophys. 76, 99–130.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kaila, K. L., Tewari, H. C., Krishna, V. G., Dixit, M. M., Sarkar, D., and Reddy, M. S. (1990), Deep Seismic Sounding Studies in the North Cambay and Sanchor Basins, India, Geophys. J. Int. 103, 621–637.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kailasam, L. N. (1993), Geophysical and Geodynamical Aspects of the Maharashtra Earthquake of September 30, 1993, Current Sci. 65, 736–739.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kailasam, L. N., Murthy, B. G. K., and Chayanulu, A. Y. S. R. (1972), Regional Gravity Studies of the Deccan Trap Areas of Peninsular India, Current Sci. 41 (11), 403–407.

    Google Scholar 

  • Karmarker, B. M., Kulkarni, S. R., and Marathe, S. (1993), Quaternary Volcanic Activity in Deccan Plateau, Current Sci. 64, 923–925.

    Google Scholar 

  • Khattri, K. N., Roger, A. M., Perkin, D. M., and Algermissen, S. T. (1984), A Seismic Hazard Map of India and Adjacent Areas, Tectonophys. 108, 93–134.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krishna, V. G., Kaila, K. L., and Reddy, P. R. (1991), Low Velocity Layers in the Subcrustal Lithosphere beneath the Deccan Traps Region of Western India, Phys. Earth Planet. Int. 67, 288–302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Langston, C. A. (1976), A Body Wave Inversion of the Koyna, India, Earthquake of December 10, 1967, and Some Implications for Body Wave Focal Mechanisms, J. Geophys. Res. 81 (14), 2517–2529.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, W. H. K., and Raleigh, C. B. (1969), Fault-plane Solution of the Koyna (India) Earthquake, Nature 223, 172–173.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKenzie, D. (1984), A Possible Mechanism for Epirogenic Uplift, Nature 307, 616–618.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Merritts, D., and Hesterberg, T. (1994), Stream Network and Long-term Surface Uplift in the New Madrid Seismic Zone, Science 285, 1081–1084.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mishra, D. C. (1989), On Deciphering the Two Scales of the Regional Bouguer Anomaly of the Deccan Trap and Crust-mantle Inhomogeneities, J. Geol. Soc. India 33 (1), 48–54.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morrison, J. (1994), Meteoric Water-rock Interaction in the Lower Plate of the Whipple Mountain Metamorphic Core Complex, California, J. Metamorphic Geol. 12, 827–840.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muir-Wood, R., and King, G. C. P. (1993), Hydological Signatures of Earthquake Strain, J. Geophys. Res. 98, 22035–22068.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Negi, J. G., Pandey, O. P., and Agrawal, P. K. (1986), Supermobility of Hot Indian Lithosphere, Tectonophys. 131, 146–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Negi, J. G., Agrawal, P. K., Singh, A. P., and Pandey, O. P. (1992), Bombay Gravity High and Eruption of Deccan Flood Basalt (India) from a Shallow Secondary Plume, Tectonophys. 206, 341–350.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nesbitt, B. E., and Muehlenback, K. (1991), Stable Isotopic Constraints on the Nature of the Syntectonic Fluid Regime of the Canadian Cordillera, Geophys. Res. Lett. 18, 963–966.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Patil, D. N., Bhosale, V. N., Guha, S. K., and Powar, K. B. (1986), Reservoir-induced Seismicity in the Vicinty of Lake Bhatsa, Maharashtra, India, Phys. Earth Planet. Int. 44, 73–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Qureshy, M. N. (1981), Gravity anomalies, isostasy and crust mantle relations in the Deccan Trap and contiguous regions, India. In Deccan Volcanism and Related Basalt Provinces in Other Parts of the World (eds. Subba Rao, K. V., and Sukheswala, R. N.), Memoir Geol. Soc. India 3, 184–197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Radhakrishna, B. P. (1993), Neogene Uplift and Geomorphic Rejuvenation of the Indian Peninsula, Current Sci. 64, 787–793.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rao, R. U. M., and Jessop, A. M. (1975), A Comparison of the Thermal Characters of Shields, Can. J. Earth Sci. 12, 347–360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rastogi, B. K., and Talwani, P. (1980), Relocation of Koyna Earthquakes, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 70, 1849–1868.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raval, U. (1990), A Rheological Waveguide as a Seat of Rifts and Basin Tectonics: In the Indo-Soviet Symposium on Rifted Basins and Aulacogens, Geological and Geochemical Approach, Proc. of the Indo-Soviet Symp. on Rifted Basin and Aulacogens: Sedimentation, Crustal Evolution and Mineralization, January 22–30, Aligarh (eds. Casshyap, S. M. et al.) Gyanodaya Prakashan, Nainital, India, pp. 47–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raval, U. (1993a), The Regional Tectonothermal Setting of Killari (Latur) Area. Proc. of the 30th Annual Convention and Seminar of IGU, Hyderabad, 21–23 Dec. 1993, 169–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raval, U. (1993b), On Certain Large-scale Gravity Field Patterns over the Subcontinent. Proc. of the 30th Annual Convention and Seminar of IGU, Hyderabad, 21–23 Dec. 1993, 153–168.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raval, U. (1993c), Fast Movement of the Indian Plate, Buoyancy due to Plume and Warm Astheno-sphere, Proc. 29th Annual Convention and Seminar on Perspectives and Prospects in Geosciences tozwards the New Industrial Policy, 22–24 Feb. 1993 IGU, Hyderabad, pp. 104–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raval, U., and Veeraswamy, K. (1991), Is Madagascar a Link between Southern and Northwestern Mobile Belts of India! Presented at the 28th Annual Convention of IGU, Hyderabad, Dec. 17–19, 1991.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rice, J. R., and Cleary, M. P. (1976), Some Basic Stress Diffusion Solutions for Fluid Saturated Elastic Porous Media with Compressible Constituents, Rev. Geophysik 14, 227–241.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sandiford, M., and Powell, R. (1986), Deep Crustal Metamorphism during Continental Extension: Modern and Ancient Examples, Earth. Planet. Sci. Lett. 79, 151–158.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sarma, S. V. S., Virupakshi, G., Harinarayana, T., Murthy, D. N., Prabhakar, S., Rao, E., Veeraswamy, K., Madhusudhan Rao, Sarma, M. V. C., and Gupta, K. R. B. (1994), A Wide-band Magnetotelluric Study of the Latur Earthquake Region, Maharashtra, India, Mem. Geol. Soc. India 35, 101–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shankland, T. J., and Anders, M. E. (1983), Electrical Conductivity, Temperature and Fluids in the Lower Crust, J. Geophys. Res. 88, 9475–9484.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simson, R. (1987), Earthquake Rupturing as a Mineralizing Agent in Hydrothermal Systems, Geology 15, 701–704.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, R. N., and Negi, J. G. (1982), High Moho Temperature in the Indian Shield, Tectonophys. 82, 299–306.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Singh, D. D., Rastogi, B. K., and Gupta, H. K. (1975), Surface-wave Radiation Pattern and Source Parameters of the Koyna Earthquake of December 10, 1967, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 65, 711–731.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singh, S., Agrawal, P. N., and Arya, A. S. (1976), Filling of Ramganga Reservoir Kalagarh, U. P., India and its Possible Influence on Seismic Activity, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. 66, 1727–1731.

    Google Scholar 

  • Slvaraman, T. V., and Raval, U. (1992), U-Pb Isotopic Study of Certain Granites in the Rajasthan: An Evidence for the Late Cretaceous Thermal Remobilization, J. Geol. Soc. of India (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stein, M., and Hofmann, A. W. (1994), Mantle Plumes and Episodic Crustal Growth, Nature 372, 63–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stuart-Alexander, D. E., and Mark, R. K. (1976), Impoundment -induced Seismicity Associated with Large Reservoirs, U. S. Geol. Surv., Open File Rep. 76–770.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wenzel, F., and Sandmeier. (1992), Geophysical Evidence for Fluids in the Crust Beneath the Black Forest, S. W. Germany, Earth Sci. Rev. 32, 61–75.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yardley, Bruce W. D., and Valley, W. J. (1994), How Wet is the Earth’s Crust? Nature 371, 205–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Geophysical Research Institute, Hyderabad-7, India

    U. Raval

Authors
  1. U. Raval
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Geophysical Research Institute, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500007, India

    Harsh K. Gupta (Director) & Rajender K. Chadha (Scientist) (Director) &  (Scientist)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1995 Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Raval, U. (1995). Seismicity of the Koyna Region and Regional Tectonomagmatism of the Western Margin (India). In: Gupta, H.K., Chadha, R.K. (eds) Induced Seismicity. Pageoph Topical Volumes. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9238-4_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9238-4_15

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-7643-5237-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-9238-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation