Summary
Using fluorescent probes to selectively label glutathione (GSH) in living, cultured rat hepatocytes, and image analysis, we detected a compartmentation of GSH in the nucleus. A nuclear GSH concentration of 15 mM, and a cytosolic GSH concentration of 4.5 mM, with a concentration gradient of approximately 3, was present in these cells. This gradient was maintained by ATP-requiring process(es) and a GSH-stimulated ATPase activity was discovered in isolated rat liver nuclei. A critical role of nuclear GSH as cofactor of peroxidase(s), transferase(s) and thiol-disulfide oxidoreductase(s) can be envisaged in protecting DNA and other nuclear structures from oxidative and chemical injury as well as in the physiological control of chromatin conformation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Alberts, B., Bray, D., Lewis, J., Raff, M., Roberts, K., and Watson, J.D. editors (1983) Molecular Biology of the Cell, Garland New York, p 321
Bellomo, G., Vairetti, M., Stivala, L., Mirabelli, F., Richelmi, P., and Orrenius, S. (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA89, 4412–4416
Bennet, C.F., Spector, D.L., and Yeoman, L.C. (1986) J.Cell Biol. 102, 600 – 609.
Bennet, C.F., and Yeoman, L.C. (1987) Biochem. J. 247, 109–112
Britten, R.A., Green, J.A., Broughton, C., Browning, P.G.W., White, R., and Warenius, H.M. (1991) Biochem. Pharmacol. 41, 647 – 649.
Cook, J.A., Iype, S.N., and Mitchell, J.B. (1991) Cancer Res. 51, 1606 – 1612.
DiGiuseppi, J., Iman, R., Ishihara, A., Jakobson, K., and Herman, B. (1985) Biotechniques 3, 349 – 403.
Dijkwel, P.A., and Wenick, P.W. (1986) J. Cell Sci. 84, 53 – 67.
Griffith, O.W., and Meister, A. (1979) J. Biol. Chem. 76, 5606 – 5610.
Klug, A., and Rhodes, D. (1987) Trends Biochem. Sci. 12, 464 – 469.
Kosower, N., Kosower, E.M., Newton, G.L., and Ranney, H.M. (1979) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 3382 – 3386.
Martensson, J., Lai, J.C.K., and Meister, A. (1990) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82, 4668 – 4672.
Meister, A., and Anderson, M.E. (1983) Annu. Rev. Biochem. 52, 711–760
Meister, A. (1992) in “Biological Free Radical Oxidations and Antioxidants” (Ursini, F. and Cadenas, E. eds.) CLUEP, Padova, pp. 89–93
Meredith,.M.J., and Reed, D.J. (1982) J. Biol. Chem. 257, 3747 – 3753.
Mirabelli, F., Vairetti, M., and Bellomo, G. (1992) Appl. Fluoresc. Technol. 4, 9 – 13.
Nicotera, P., Baldi, C., Swensson, S.A., Larsson, R., Bellomo, G., and Orrenius, S. (1985) FEBS Lett. 187, 121 – 124.
Orrenius, S., Jewell, S.A., Bellomo, G., Thor, H., Jones, D.P., and Smith, M.T. (1983) in “Functions of Glutathione: Biochemical, Physiological, Toxicological and Clinical Aspects” (Larsson, A. et al., eds.) Raven Press, New York, pp. 261–271
Orrenius, S., and Bellomo, G. (1989) in “Glutathione: Chemical, Biochemical and Medical Aspects” Part B, (Dolphin, D. et al. eds) Wiley, New York, pp. 383–409.
Shrieve, D.C., Bump, E.A., and Rice, G.C. (1988) J. Biol. Chem. 263, 14107 – 14114.
Stuurman, N., Floore, A., Colen, A., DeJong, L., and van Driel, R. (1992) Exp. Cell Res. 200, 285 – 294.
Tan, K.H., Meyer, D.J., Gillies, N., and Ketterer, B. (1988) Biochem. J. 254, 841 – 845.
Tanigouchi, N., Higashi, T., Sakamoto, Y., and Meister, A. (editors) (1989) Glutathione Centennial: Molecular Properties and Clinical Implications, Academic Press, New York.
Tirmenstein, M.A., and Reed, D.J. (1988a) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 155, 956 – 961.
Tirmestein, M.A., and Reed, D.J. (1988b) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 261, 1 – 11.
Tirmestein, M.A., and Reed, D.J. (1989) Biochim. Biophys. Acta 995, 174 – 180.
Tsien, R.Y., and Harootunian, A.T. (1990) Cell Calcium 11, 93 – 110.
Wahllander, A., Soboll, S., and Sies, H. (1979) FEBS Lett. 97, 138 – 140.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1993 Birkhäuser Verlag Basel/Switzerland
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bellomo, G., Vairetti, M., Palladini, G., Mirabelli, F., Stivala, L., Richelmi, P. (1993). A Nuclear Pool of Glutathione in Hepatocytes. In: Poli, G., Albano, E., Dianzani, M.U. (eds) Free Radicals: from Basic Science to Medicine. Molecular and Cell Biology Updates. Birkhäuser Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9116-5_34
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-9116-5_34
Publisher Name: Birkhäuser Basel
Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-9914-7
Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-9116-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive