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Local and systemic inflammation: role of poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase activation by reactive nitrogen species

  • Chapter
Nitric Oxide and Inflammation

Part of the book series: Progress in Inflammation Research ((PIR))

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Abstract

Poly (ADP)-ribosyltransferase (PARS), also known as poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) is an abundant nuclear enzyme present throughout the phylogenetic spectrum [1]. The precise physiologic roles of PARS remain undefined: its traditional role as a DNA-repair enzyme has been questioned by recent studies [2]. PARS appears to play diverse roles, participating in DNA repair [3, 4], chromatin relaxation [5], cell differentiation [6], DNA replication [7], transcriptional regulation [8], control of cell cycle [9], p53 expression and apoptosis [10], and transformation [11]. In the last decade, the novel concept emerges that under various pathophysio-logical conditions, PARS plays a crucial role in the regulation and generation of the inflammatory response. Here, we summarize the evidence favoring this new role for PARS in various forms of local and systemic inflammation and propose therapeutic opportunities afforded by PARS inhibition.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Inotek Corporation, Suite 419E, 100 Cummings Center, Beverly, MA, 01915, USA

    Jon Mabley, Lucas Liaudet, Francisco Garcia Soriano, László Virág, Prakash Jagtap, Anita Marton, Éva Szabó, Galaleldin E. Abdelkarim, György Haskó, Garry J. Southan, Andrew L. Salzman & Csaba Szabó

  2. Department of Surgery, New Jersey Medical School, UMDNJ, Newark, NJ, 01703, USA

    Lucas Liaudet, Francisco Garcia Soriano, György Haskó & Csaba Szabó

  3. Hospital das Clinicas FMUSP3, Saõ Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Francisco Garcia Soriano & Clara Batista Lorigados

  4. Department of Biochemistry, Pécs University Medical School, Pécs, Hungary

    Ferenc Gallyas

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  1. Jon Mabley
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. MetaPhore Pharmaceuticals, 3655 Vista Avenue, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Daniela Salvemini Ph.D.

  2. Department of Surgery, A1010 Presbyterian University Hospital, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Timothy R. Billiar M.D.

  3. Department of Surgery, UPMC Montefiore, University of Pittsburgh, NW 653 3459 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA

    Yoram Vodovotz Ph.D.

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© 2001 Springer Basel AG

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Mabley, J. et al. (2001). Local and systemic inflammation: role of poly (ADP-ribose) synthetase activation by reactive nitrogen species. In: Salvemini, D., Billiar, T.R., Vodovotz, Y. (eds) Nitric Oxide and Inflammation. Progress in Inflammation Research. Birkhäuser, Basel. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8241-5_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8241-5_5

  • Publisher Name: Birkhäuser, Basel

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-0348-9488-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-0348-8241-5

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